地铁列车六人座椅的设计与分析

Design and Analysis of Six-seater Seat of Subway Train

将人机工程学参数设计和有限元分析结合起来,对地铁列车六人座椅进行设计与分析。应用CATIA软件建立基于人机工程学原理的座椅三维模型,应用ANSYS Workbench软件对座椅进行有限元分析。通过人机工程学原理,确定座椅靠背高度为565 mm,座深为420 mm,靠背与座面夹角为105°。通过静力学分析,得到铝合金座椅在受到载荷后的最大应力为128.79 MPa,不锈钢座椅在受到载荷后的最大应力为128.84 MPa。通过观察振型,铝合金座椅的最低固有频率为49.977 Hz,不锈钢座椅的最低固有频率为48.957 Hz,均远高于地铁列车的激振频率,不会发生共振。通过对座椅可行性、安全性和模态分析,综合考虑材料质量和防氧化因素,得出制造地铁列车六人座椅,铝合金材料优于不锈钢材料的结论。

Combining ergonomic parameter design and finite element analysis,the six-seater seat of the subway train was designed and analyzed.CATIA software was used to establish a three-dimensional model of the seat based on ergonomic principle,and ANSYS Workbench software was used to perform finite element analysis of the seat.Through the ergonomic principle,it is determined that the seat backrest height is 565 mm,the seat depth is 420 mm,and the angle between the backrest and the seat surface is 105°.Through static analysis,the maximum stress of aluminium alloy seat after load is 128.79 MPa,and the maximum stress of stainless steel seat after load is 128.84 MPa.By observing the mode shape,the lowest natural frequency of aluminium alloy seat is 49.977 Hz and the lowest natural frequency of stainless steel seat is 48.957 Hz,both of which are much higher than the excitation frequency of the subway train and will not resonate.Through the feasibility,safety and modal analysis of the seat,and the comprehensive consideration of material quality and anti-oxidation factor,it is concluded that aluminium alloy material is superior to stainless steel material for manufacturing six-seater seat of the subway train.