纳米气泡及其特殊的界面效应

Nanobubbles and their special interfacial effects

固液界面性质研究,特别是纳米尺度下的界面性质,一直是基础科学和材料科学研究者非常关注的问题.纳米级的气泡,其真实存在有悖于经典热力学和气体扩散理论.但随着2000年第一篇关于纳米气泡图像文章的发表,已经被证明能够在固液界面或体相中稳定存在.近二十年大量研究发现,其超高稳定性、纳米尺寸效应及特殊的生物学效应等特性都与界面息息相关.这些特性决定了其必然带来新的应用前景,催生很多重要的应用,如水环境和土壤修复、农业种植、水产养殖、工业清洗、化工催化、生物医学治疗与诊断以及养生健康等.基于本研究团队的前期研究,本文主要介绍了纳米气泡研究的概况,重点描述了纳米气泡的基本性质、其特殊的界面效应和生物学效应以及该领域的亟待解决的问题,并对未来研究进行了展望.

The solid–liquid interface properties,especially at the nanoscale,have always been a great concern to the researchers from fundamental science and materials science.The real existence of nanoscale bubbles is contrary to classical thermodynamics and gas diffusion theory.But after the publication of the first paper on the nanobubble image on 2000,it has been shown to be stable at solid–liquid interfaces or bulk phases.A large number of studies for more than20 years have showed that their characteristics such as ultra-high stability,nanometer size effect and special biological effect are closely related to the interface.These characteristics determine that it will inevitably bring new application prospects,giving rise to many important applications,such as water environment and soil remediation,agricultural planting,aquaculture,industrial cleaning,chemical catalysis,biomedical treatment and diagnosis,and health preservation.Based on the previous research of this research team,hererin we mainly introduce the overview of nanobubble research,focusing on the basic properties of nanobubbles,their special interfacial effects and biological effects,as well as unsolved mysteries and research prospects in the future.