“祝融号”火星车有效载荷系统设计与实现

Design and implementation of payload system of the Zhurong Mars rover

利用火星车上配置的有效载荷进行火星表面巡视探测,可以对火星表面局部地区开展高精度科学探测.火星车上配置的有效载荷包括:导航地形相机(与GNC导航相机复用)、多光谱相机、火星车次表层探测雷达、火星表面成分探测仪、火星表面磁场探测仪和火星气象测量仪.通过集成一体化设计的载荷控制器对载荷进行控制和管理.针对资源紧张条件下自主控制多载荷进行协同科学探测的需求,采用集中式载荷控制方法,建立新型的载荷电子学和载荷数管集成一体化硬件架构,创新性设计基于工作模式表的高效自主载荷探测模式,采取多项健康管理措施,能够自主对故障载荷进行恢复和隔离.“祝融号”火星车已圆满完成了既定巡视探测任务,各有效载荷设备工作正常,探测数据有效.本文介绍了火星车有效载荷系统的设计要点和实现情况.

Using the scientific payload configured on the Mars rover to explore the Mars surface can conduct high-resolution in situ surveys in a critical area of Mars. The scientific payloads configured on the rover include Navigation and Terrain Camera(Na Te Cam),Multispectral Camera(MSCam), Mars Rover Penetrating Radar(Ro Pe R), Mars Surface Composition Detector(Mar SCo De), Mars Rover Magnetometer(Ro MAG) and Mars Climate Station(MCS). The payloads are controlled and managed by the integrated payload controller. In view of the demand for autonomous control of multiple payloads for collaborative scientific exploration under the resource shortage condition, the centralized payloads control method was adopted, and a novel integrated hardware architecture of payloads electronics, and payloads data management was established. An efficient autonomous payloads explore mode based on the working mode program was innovatively designed, and several health management measures were taken to perform fault detection,isolation and recovery(FDIR). The Zhurong Mars rover has successfully completed the scheduled exploration mission. All payloads work normally, and the exploration data are valid. This paper introduces the design and implementation of the payload system of the Mars rover.