磁性细胞分选技术的应用与生物学评价

Application and Biological Evaluation of Magnetic Cell Sorting Technology

磁性细胞分选技术是一种利用超顺磁性纳米复合材料进行细胞分选的细胞高度特异性快速分选技术,在免疫学、干细胞学、肿瘤学和临床医学等领域应用广泛。本文综合阐述了磁性细胞分选技术的分类和应用,讨论了近几年出现的几项基于磁性细胞分选的新技术和面临的挑战。重点分析了磁性细胞分选产品生物学评价的必要性,并提出了10项与磁性细胞分选产品相关的生物学评价技术参数:得率、纯度、无菌、细胞毒性、细胞形态、活率、细胞的光散射特性、细胞的荧光抗体标记能力、细胞活化、细胞增殖,该评价技术参数的提出对磁性细胞分选规范化应用具有重要的推动作用。

Magnetic cell sorting technology is a highly specific and rapid cell sorting technology using superparamagnetic nanocomposites for cell sorting,which is widely used in immunology,stem cytology,oncology,clinical medicine and other fields.Magnetic cell sorting technology is divided into positive isolation,negative isolation/untouched cell isolation,depletion,multi-step isolation and automated cell separation systems.In this review,we firstly give a brief introduction to the classification and application of magnetic cell sorting technology,then discuss several new techniques and challenges based on magnetic cell sorting in recent years,such as improving the sorting efficiency by improving the structure of magnetic materials and magnetic field structure.The necessity of biological evaluation of magnetic cell sorting products was emphatically analyzed.Through the biological evaluation,the advantages and disadvantages of magnetic cell sorting products can be understood,and the research and development ability could be improved.Therefore,10 biological evaluation technical parameters related to magnetic cell sorting products were proposed:yield,purity,sterility,cytotoxicity,cell morphology,viability,light scattering characteristics of cells,fluorescent antibody labeling ability of cells,cell activation and cell proliferation.The 10 biological evaluation technical parameters play an important role in promoting the standardized application of magnetic cell sorting.