Ti/TiAl异质叠层结构的强化机制、制造现状与未来发展趋势

Strengthening Mechanism,Present Situation and Development Trends of Ti/TiAl Heterogeneous Laminated Structures

Ti/TiAl微叠层材料体系具有优异的强韧性及高温性能,该体系可有效克服钛铝合金制备与加工过程中的突发性开裂等弱点。综述了Ti/TiAl叠层结构的制造方法、强韧化机制及典型失效方式。研究表明,叠层复合结构相较于传统单一材料或非连续增强复合材料,通过多材料的韧性差异和多层界面的引入,其强韧性得到明显提升。主要强化机制为复合结构多材料的韧性差异及多层界面的引入,使得裂纹扩展过程中发生偏转与产生二次裂纹,裂纹的偏转和桥接效应消耗了主裂纹的尖端能量,抑制主裂纹持续扩展。这种结构突破了传统强度-塑性约束,为材料科学和工程领域带来了新的发展方向。

The Ti/TiAl micro-laminated material system has excellent strength,toughness,and high-temperature properties.This system effectively overcomes sudden cracking during the preparation and processing of titanium-aluminum alloys.This paper summarizes the manufacturing methods,strengthening and toughening mechanisms,and typical failure modes of the Ti/TiAl laminated structure.Numerous studies have shown that compared with traditional single materials or non-continuously reinforced composites,the laminated composite structure significantly improves the strength and toughness through the introduction of the toughness difference of multiple materials and multilayer interfaces.The main strengthening mechanism is the toughness difference of multiple materials and the introduction of multilayer interfaces in the composite structure,which causes crack deflection and secondary cracking during crack growth.The deflection and bridging effect of cracks greatly consume the tip energy of the main crack and inhibit its continuous growth.This structure breaks through the traditional trade-off relationship between strength and toughness,bringing new development directions to the field of materials science and engineering.