理解与阐释:考古出土文物展的语境构建

Understanding and Interpretation:Contextual Construction of Archaeological Relics Exhibitions

与其他“博物馆物”相似,博物馆中的考古文物同样经历了从原生环境中抽离的“去语境化”过程,弱化了自我言说的能力,给观众造成理解障碍。只有为其重构脉络,再塑语境,才能促进理解的达成。诠释学语境论阐明了语境与理解的关系,为考古文物的语境化阐释提供了学理基础,将其贯彻于语境重构的全过程。即在考古学阐释阶段,通过关联文物感知和体验世界的多元语境,构建起全程、能动的物质意义网络,为展示环节的信息传播提供有力的语境支持;在展览阐释阶段,通过宏观、中观、微观不同维度的实践技巧完成考古文物的高语境转化,实现文物语境与观众语境的双重融合,最终促进观众理解的达成。这将是提高博物馆展览传播效果的有益尝试。

Similar to other museum objects,archaeological relics in museums undergo a process of"de-contextualization"by being removed from their original environment.This weakens the relics'capacity for self-expression and creates barriers to understanding for the audience.We can only encourage understanding by reconstructing and modifying the settings.Contextualism illustrates the relationship between context and understanding,provides a theoretical basis for the contextual interpretation of archaeological relics.In the stage of archaeological interpretation,a dynamic material meaning network is built through the various contexts in which archaeological relics view and interact with the outside world.This network offers strong contextual support for the diffusion of information during the exhibition phase.In the exhibition interpretation stage,the high context transformation of archaeological relics is completed through the practical skills of macro,meso and micro dimensions.The simultaneous integration of the archaeological relics context and audience context is realized,ultimately promoting the audience's understanding.This will be a fruitful endeavor to improve the ability of museum exhibits to communicate.