工作时间如何影响考虑劳动者健康的高质量发展?投入边界与门槛机制

How does working hours affect high-quality development covering labors’health?Boundary and threshold mechanism

中国劳动者工作时间超时投入具有普遍性和多发性,但仍未引起广泛重视,其与劳动群体生存健康乃至社会发展质量的内在关联有待揭示.基于政府监察在我国劳动者权益保护方面的基础作用,该研究运用2012–2019年中国省级面板数据,将劳动者健康因素作为观察社会经济发展质量的切入点,综合TOPSIS熵权法、分层回归、门槛效应检验等方法探索宏观层面工作时间如何影响考虑劳动者健康的社会经济发展、解析工作时间的投入边界以及政府监察在此过程中的角色效能.研究表明,考虑了劳动者健康的我国省域社会经济发展水平处于劣性区间(发展质量指数低于0.5)的省份数量(含山东、浙江等传统经济发达省份)占比达90%.从社会经济发展整体看,考虑劳动者健康的工作时间投入极限为57.61小时/周.进一步地,政府监察调节了工作时间投入与社会经济发展之间的关系,高监察情景(工作时间监察案件在劳动监察案件中的占比高于20%)抑制了工作时间投入对社会经济发展的推动作用.此外,针对模型稳健性的检验结果良好.本研究可以为识别我国政府监察的管理效能、促进社会经济高质量发展提供理论支撑.

Overwork of Chinese labors are universal,frequent and neglected.The relationships among working hours,labors’health and quality of social development need to be excavated.Based on the fundamental role of government supervision in protecting the rights of labors in China,this study makes labors’health as a point for observing the quality of socio-economic development by using provincial panel data from 2012 to 2019.Combining TOPSIS entropy weight method,hierarchical regression and threshold effect test,this study aims to explore how working hours affect the socio-economic quality which covering labors’health,and analyzes the boundary of working hours input,as well as the role of government supervision.Research shows that the number of provinces(including traditional province such as Shandong,Zhejiang)with poor development quality(development quality index below 0.5)account for 90%.From the perspective of overall socio-economic development,the upper limit for working hours is 57.61 hours/week.Furthermore,government supervision regulates the relationship between working hours and socio-economic development,while high supervision(proportion of working hours cases in whole labor supervision cases is higher than 20%)suppresses the driving effect of hours on socio-economic development.In addition,the results of robustness test are good.This study can provide theoretical support for identifying the effectiveness of working hours in China and promoting high-quality socio-economic development.