基于系统动力学的“制造链+平台”双模式价值共创实现动因研究

Research on the motivation of“Manufacturing chain+Platform”dual mode value co-creation based on system dynamics

通常将以制造型企业为核心的供应链称为制造链.基于制造链打造平台,构建链与平台融合的“制造链+平台”双模式是我国传统制造业实现数字化、服务化转型的重要途径.基于价值共创理论,研究从双模式价值共创系统结构出发,分析了双模式价值共创的内外动因及其实现机理.将作用机理关系化,形成系统整体因果回路图,以全面捕捉各因素之间的反馈影响.在此基础上,为了能从动态视角更深入地理解各因素对价值共创系统的影响路径与影响程度,进而识别影响双模式价值共创效果的关键因素,利用Vensim软件构建系统动力学模型并进行仿真实验.研究发现,资源、关系、网络结构动因对价值共创产生差异化促进作用,而技术创新作用于结构动因间接影响价值共创.前期多样性资源流动与创新、互补性资源整合与协同率先激发共创价值的积累;中期平台显性关系搭建、隐性关系互动强化能有效保持多主体价值共创活力;而网络效应推动的主体规模扩张是最终形成双模式生态的关键方面.并且,提高焦点企业复合能力、平台技术投入和跨边网络效应能显著提高双模式价值共创效果和主体规模的积累;降低顾客学习成本对主体规模的增加有一定促进作用,但对共创价值量影响不甚显著;而供方伙伴专业能力对双模式价值共创效果和生态建设影响较弱.

A supply chain with the manufacturing company at its core is usually referred to as a manufacturing chain.Constructing the“Manufacturing chain+platform”dual mode by building a platform based on the manufacturing chain is an important way for China’s traditional manufacturing industry to achieve digitalization and service transformation.Based on value cocreation theory,starting from the structure of dual-mode value co-creation system,this paper systematically analyzes the internal and external motivations of dual-mode value co-creation and their realization mechanism.By relationalizing the mechanism,an overall causal loop diagram of the system is formed to fully capture the feedback effects among the factors.On this basis,in order to understand the path and degree of the influence of each factor on the value cocreation system from a dynamic perspective,and then identify the key factors affecting the effect of dual-mode value co-creation,this study constructs a system dynamics model and conducts simulation experiments by using Vensim software.It is found that resource,relationship,and network structural motivations differentially contribute to value co-creation,and the technological innovation indirectly influences value co-creation through acting on the internal structural motivation.In the early stage,the flow and innovation of diverse resources and the integration and collaboration of complementary resources take the lead in stimulating the accumulation of co-creation value;in the middle stage,the building of explicit relationships and the strengthening of the interaction of implicit relationships on the platform can effectively maintain the vitality of multi-subject value co-creation;and the expansion of the scale of subjects driven by the network effect is the key aspect of the final formation of dual-mode ecology.Moreover,improving the compound ability of the focal enterprise,platform technology investment and cross-side network effect can significantly improve the value co-creation effect of dual mode and the accumulation of subject scale;reducing customer learning cost has a certain contribution to the increase of the number of subjects,but has a less significant effect on co-creation value;while the professional ability of supply-side partners has a weaker impact on the value co-creation effect and ecological construction of dual mode.