空间流动与社会流动关系研究述评

A REVIEW ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPATIAL MOBILITY AND SOCIAL MOBILITY

本文聚焦移民的空间流动与社会流动关系,通过梳理国外人文地理和相关学科文献发现:(1)空间流动与社会流动密切相关,空间流动不仅是空间的位移,也是社会生活的结构化维度,可能带来个体阶层变化以及宏观社会结构的改变;(2)两者之间的关系主要体现在教育、职业发展和居住驱动下的空间流动和社会流动等三大方面:分别强调教育作为一种知识和文化资本积累对于阶层维护和代际传承的作用、区域发展不平衡背景下职业流动与阶层地位改变的关系,以及居住流动下的邻里效应、资源分层与阶层分层。空间流动与社会流动的关系呈现着多样化的特征,对两者关系的深入探讨有助于进一步理解移民的迁移动机,并为促进流动社会下的城市均衡发展提供政策建议。

This paper focuses on the relationship between spatial mobility and social mobility, which is related to the topics of migration. By systematically reviewing the related literature in human geography and other disciplines from abroad, the paper finds that: 1) A significant body of literature provides evidence of the important link between spatial mobility and social mobility. Spatial mobility is not only understood as the relative movement and displacement of physical spaces in traditional geography but also as a structured dimension of social life. 2) Through analyzing the frequency of keywords and reading important literature, this paper identifies three main issues in the existing research on the relationship between spatial mobility and social mobility. These issues are: Spatial mobility and social mobility led by education, occupation, and residential patterns. It also explores how individuals can achieve upward social mobility through career development under the free economic system in industrial societies. The social mobility under the influence of residential mobility discusses the relationship between resource differences and class stratification, and structured perspectives such as residential communities and their neighborhood effects. The social distribution of power is deeply reflected in geographic patterns and spatial processes of residential mobility. The paper concludes that the relationship between spatial mobility and social mobility exhibits diverse characteristics.