新冠疫情时期国内旅游网络关注格局变化与影响路径分析

ANALYSIS ON CHANGE OF THE DOMESTIC TOURISM ATTENTION PATTERN AND INFLUENCING PATHS DURING COVID-19'S EPIDEMIC SITUATION

新型冠状病毒疫情发生以来,旅游业受到巨大冲击。本文基于2019至2021年第二季度的百度搜索指数,构建三个阶段的国内旅游网络关注矩阵,探索疫情发生前后旅游网络关注格局变化,分析疫情对旅游网络关注的影响路径:疫情发生后,(1)旅游网络关注规模大幅下降,远距离与跨省流动倾向减小。随着防疫工作常态化,规模有所回升。旅游网络关注格局仍保持东南高规模主导核心、西北低规模边缘地区,核心边缘间联系减弱。(2)旅游网络关注矩阵密度大幅下降、地区集群性增强,大部分地区保持原有旅游地功能。(3)新冠疫情通过安全因素与经济社会因素两条路径直接冲击与间接调整旅游网络关注格局。

Since the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19), the tourism industry has been struck. Under the coexistence situation with COVID-19 epidemic, how to restore and develop tourism is an important research topic. Based on the Baidu search index in the second quarter of each year from 2019 to2021, this paper constructs the domestic tourism attention matrices in three stages: Situation before the epidemic, situation when epidemic was preliminary controlled, situation when epidemic prevention was normalized. The spatial analysis and social network analysis methods were used to explore the changes of tourism attention pattern before and during the epidemic, and the influencing paths of COVID-19 epidemic on tourism attention were analyzed based on tourism gravity model. The results showed that: After the outbreak of the epidemic, 1) The scale of tourism attention decreased significantly, and the tendency of long-distance and inter-provincial mobility decreased. As implementing regular epidemic prevention and control measures, the scale has rebounded. 2) The connection density of tourism attention matrix decreased greatly, and the regional clustering was enhanced. The sources of tourists concentrate in the eastern region, the centrality changes less;the destinations are mainly in the western region, the centrality decline more. 3) The epidemic situation of COVID-19 acts on the basic unit of the tourism attention network pattern through two paths: Security factors and social-economic factors.