基于分类视角的平台经济常态化监管策略研究

Ongoing Supervision Strategies for Different Types of Platform Economies

实施平台经济常态化监管有利于规范平台经济市场秩序,防止资本无序扩张,保护消费者和社会公众利益。但不同类型平台经济的运行机制与利润来源有所不同,其中价值创造型平台是通过数字信息技术赋能提升或创造商品价值获利,价值增值型平台是通过增加用户数量,从销售额中抽成并获取“租金”。因此,要基于分类视角,根据平台是否参与社会生产、创造商品的特性,制定差异化的平台经济常态化监管策略,在合规发展与科学监管之间寻找平衡点,保障平台经济的健康发展。此外,对于兼具价值创造型平台与价值增值型平台的功能,具有显著的多边性、闭合性与生态性特征的超级平台,应防止其对用户形成“锁定效应”,在公权执法与自我管理之间寻求平衡,并在不涉及商业机密的前提下,通过合理开放数据、引入第三方数据比对系统等举措,实现公共数据的公开共享。

Ongoing supervision of the platform economy is conducive to regulating the market order of the platform economy,preventing unlimited expansion of capital,and protecting the interests of consumers and the public.The platform economies of different types have different operating mechanisms and profit sources.The platforms of value creation increase or create commodity value for profit by using digital information technology.The platforms of value addition increase the number of users to extract profits from sales and obtain “rent”.Therefore,different supervision strategies should be formulated according to whether the platform participates in social production and creates goods,and a balance between compliant development and rational supervision should be achieved to ensure the healthy development of the platform economy.In addition,for super platforms with the functions of both value creation and value addition and significant multilateral,closed,and ecological characteristics,it is necessary to prevent them from forming a lock-in effect on users,seek a balance between law enforcement and self-management,and achieve public data sharing by measures such as data sharing and introduction of third-party data comparison systems,without involving commercial secrets.