文武解體:北齊衰亡史新論

Civil and Military Disintegration:New Study on the Decline and Fall of the Northern Qi Dynasty

北齊統治人羣的政治身份,主要可以分爲宗室、勳貴、士大夫、文吏和恩倖五種。勳貴的上層由若干勳戚家族構成。高洋時期,任用士大夫而抑制勳貴,北齊國家朝着建立以士大夫爲主體的官僚政治的軌道前進。這一進程被乾明政變打斷。政變後的高演時期,勳貴勢力抬頭,皇權趨於低落。到了高湛時期,皇權得以重振。高湛倚重恩倖和文吏,不僅没有將北齊國家帶上正軌,反而加速了統治集團的腐化。高湛死後,統治集團内部長期積累的諸多矛盾迅速爆發。高緯時期,朝廷政争激烈且頻仍,宗室、勳戚、士大夫、文吏等羣體先後遭到重創。北齊滅亡前夕,統治集團早已瀕臨解體。

The political identity of the ruling group in the Northern Qi Dynasty can be divided into five categories:royal family,general,scholar-bureaucrat,officials and sycophants.The upper class of general is composed of several External relatives.During the period of emperor Gao Yang,the appointment of scholar-officials was suppressed,and the Northern Qi state moved towards the track of establishing bureaucracy with scholar-officials as the main body.This process was interrupted by Qianming Coup.The period of emperor Gao Yan after the coup,with the rise of the general,the imperial power tends to be low.In the period of emperor Gao Zhan,the imperial power was revived.Gao Zhan relied on sycophants and officials,not only did not take the Northern Qi Dynasty on the right track,but accelerated the corruption of the ruling group.After the death of Gao Zhan,many contradictions accumulated for a long time within the ruling group broke out quickly.During the period of emperor Gao Wei,the political disputes in the imperial court were fierce and frequent,and the royal family,general,scholar-bureaucrat,officials and other groups were severely damaged successively.On the eve of the ruin of the Northern Qi Dynasty,the ruling group was already on the verge of disintegration.