流水溯源:弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特住宅空间形式语言的形成

Tracing the Spring of Fallingwater:The Formation of the Spatial Formal Language of Frank Lloyd Wright's Houses

不同于欧洲现代主义旗手们在20世纪初的灵感与宣言,弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特在美洲大陆几乎独立地进行了他持续的实践,从中逐步由古典复兴走向现代主义。伯纳德·霍斯利将流水别墅看作一个经验式的、有预兆的“突变”,本研究循霍斯利的思路,意在对于赖特住宅空间形式语言的转变过程进行观察、图解、验证和溯源,共总结得出6条线索,展现了“包裹”和“坚固”日渐瓦解的过程,这是现代主义的序曲。

Unlike the inspirations and manifestos of European Modernist pioneers in the early 20th century,Frank Lloyd Wright consistently practiced in America in a way almost entirely independent from Europe,gradually moving from Classical Revival towards Modernism.Bernhard Hoesli regarded Fallingwater as an empirical mutation with hints.Following Hoesli's approach,this paper aims to compile a comprehensive observation,graphic analysis,verification,and explanation of the early transformations in Wright's spatial formal language in his house designs.It summarizes six clues to demonstrate the alchemy of gradual disintegration of "wrapping" and "solidity" as a prelude to Modernism.