建筑立体绿化对微气候改善作用实测研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Building Stereoscopic Greening on Improving Microclimate

为研究立体绿化改善微气候的作用,选取重庆地区具有代表性的4个立体绿化建筑物进行微气候实测分析,比较了绿化朝向、距外墙距离、叶面积指数等因素对绿墙降温增湿能力的影响。实测结果表明面宽小于30 m的立体绿化可以降低空气温度约0.7℃,增加空气相对湿度约15%。面宽大于30 m的立体绿化可以实现1.5~3℃的降温效应。东西朝向的立体绿化要比南北向的多降温约0.9℃,增加约1.5%空气湿度。叶面积指数对立体绿化的降温增湿效应影响较大,叶面积指数增大0.40,空气温度降低约0.6℃,增加空气湿度约3%。立体绿化对微气候的影响范围较广,研究结果证实,在街区尺度实施立体绿化可以调节城市微气候,改善城市热环境。

In order to study the role of stereoscopic greening in improving the microclimate,four representative three-dimensional green buildings in Chongqing are selected for microclimate measurement and analysis,and the factors such as the greening orientation,distance from the outer wall,and leaf area index are compared to the cooling and humidification of the green wall.The measured results show that the stereoscopic greening with a surface width of less than 30 m can reduce the air temperature by about 0.7 ℃ and increase the relative air humidity by about 15%.The stereoscopic greening with a surface width of more than 30 m can achieve a cooling effect of 1.5 to 3 ℃.The three-dimensional greenery facing east-west is about 0.9 ℃ cooler than the one facing north-south,and the air humidity is increased by about 1.5%.The leaf area index has a great influence on the cooling and humidifying effect of stereoscopic greening.The leaf area index increases by 0.40,the air temperature decreases by about 0.6 ℃,and the air humidity increases by about 3%.The stereoscopic greening has a wide range of influences on the microclimate.The research results confirm that the implementation of stereoscopic greening at the block scale can adjust the urban microclimate and improve the urban thermal environment.