美德、垂范与义务:党员先锋模范作用的规范问题研究

Virtue,Role Model and Duty:A Study on the Standardization Of the Vanguard Role of Party Members

发挥党员先锋模范作用是马克思主义政党先进性建设的内在要求。在依规治党的背景下,党员先锋模范作用历经了由党员伦理向法规义务的演变。基于富勒对道德的二分框架,党员先锋模范作用的规范构建,是以党员意志为本体性因素、以高标准的行为要求为实质内涵、以马克思主义政党的先进性为价值内核展开的。这是共产主义道德对党员提出美德要求的规范体现。先锋模范作用作为党员伦理范畴之愿望的道德,在向党内法规制度体系转化的过程中面临本体意志因素与法规义务形式的理论抵牾、义务规范中空引发实践中应用失范的现实难题。鉴于此,党员先锋模范作用的规范优化须着眼于其对党员义务规范的统摄作用,实现党员义务的体系化建构,并引入比例原则中的适当性原则与必要性原则以实现价值融贯。

Giving full play to the vanguard and exemplary role of party members is the inherent requirement of the construction of the advanced nature of Marxist political parties.Against the background of ruled-based governance over the Party,the vanguard role of party members has evolved from party ethics to legal obligations.With Fuller's dual distinction of morality as the theoretical framework,the normative construction of the vanguard and exemplary role of party members takes party members'will as the noumenal factor,high standard behavior requirements as the essence,and the advanced nature of Marxist political parties as the core of value.This is the standard embodiment that the communist morality puts forward the virtue request to party members.As the morality of aspiration in ethical category of party members,the vanguard role is confronted with the practical problems of theoretical contradiction between the ontological will factor and the form of legal obligation in the process of transforming into the party law system,and the hollow obligation norms lead to the poor application of the practice.In view of this,the normative optimization of the vanguard role must focus on its controuing effect of vanguard exemplary role on party members'obligations,realize the systematic construction of party members'obligations,and also introduce the appropriateness principle and necessity principle of proportionality principle to achieve the integration of value.