深部致密砂岩气藏氮气钻井安全风险控制技术研究及应用

Research and Application of Safety Risk Control Technology forNitrogen Drilling in Deep Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

氮气钻井在深部致密砂岩气藏开发方面具有显著优势,但如何确保绝对安全是其面临的首要难题。文章首先分析了深部致密砂岩气藏氮气钻井面临的井下岩爆、井壁失稳、地层产水(产油)、井口装置失效(排砂管线失效)四个主要风险;其次开展了地面控制装备优化研究,为高压储层氮气钻井井口装置升级和优化配置提出了建议;然后开展了安全风险参数响应特征研究,并据此基于卷积神经网络开发了气体钻井随钻安全监测智能预警技术;最后针对井下岩爆、井壁失稳、地层出水三种主要风险提出了控制措施,可直接指导现场作业。

Nitrogen drilling has significant advantages in the development of deep tight sandstone gas reservoirs,but ensuring absolute safety is the primary challenge it faces.This article first analyzes the four main risks faced by nitrogen drilling in deep tight sandstone gas reservoirs,including downhole rock burst,wellbore instability,formation water production,oil production and wellhead equipment,and failure of sand discharge pipeline.Secondly,research was conducted on optimizing ground control equipment,providing suggestions for upgrading and optimizing the configuration of nitrogen drilling wellhead equipment in high-pressure reservoirs.Then,research was conducted on the response characteristics of safety risk parameters,and based on this,an intelligent warning technology for gas drilling safety monitoring while drilling was developed using convolutional neural networks.Finally,control measures were proposed for the three main risks of downhole rock burst,wellbore instability,and formation water outflow,which can directly guide on-site operations.