伸缩式自动化井口上卸扣装置的设计与分析

Design and Analysis of Telescopic Automatic WellheadDevice for Make-up and Break-out

随着修井作业朝着自动化方向发展,国内外均致力于研究自动化修井作业设备。文章结合自动化修井机特点,设计出一种伸缩式自动化井口上卸扣装置,分析了自动液压钳、扶正对中装置等主要结构,系统阐述了该装置的工作原理,计算得出液压钳钳牙与油管之间的防打滑条件,对背钳夹紧液压缸进行选型计算,设计出合适的自动液压钳以及整个装置的液压回路,保证该装置在工作时的安全性与稳定性。现场试验结果表明,伸缩式自动化井口上卸扣装置能够实现精准对中,快速平稳完成上卸扣作业,大大减轻了工人的工作强度,节省井口操作平台空间,提升工作效率,并提高了工人的安全性。

With the development of well workover operation towards automation,both domestic and foreign countries are committed to the research of automated well workover equipment.Based on the characteristics of automatic workover rig,a telescopic automatic wellhead device for make-up and break-out is designed.In this paper,the main structures of the automatic hydraulic tong and the centralizer are analyzed,the working principle of the device is described systematically,and the anti-slipping conditions between the tong dies and the tubing are calculated.The calculation of the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder is carried out,and the appropriate automatic hydraulic tong and the hydraulic circuit of the whole device are designed to ensure the safety and stability of the device during work.Field test results show that the automatic device can achieve accurate alignment,quickly and smoothly complete make-up and break-out operation,greatly reducing the intensity of work,improve efficiency,and improve worker safety.