论诗圣杜甫:超凡入圣的原因与历程

On the Cause and Course for Du Fu Becoming the Sage of Poetry

杜甫被称为“诗圣”。他不同于飘逸的“诗仙”李白,也不同于如同静寺古刹的“诗佛”王维。他在诗歌领域里,俨然如同哲学伦理界之孔丘、孟子。杜甫经历了漫长岁月的人生磨砺,由其个人的苦难磨砺,到盛唐帝国的国家民族苦难磨砺,再到安史之乱的战争磨砺,从而使得原本淹没在盛唐时代多如满天繁星的诗人行列之中的一员,脱颖而出,成为了盛唐时代最为杰出的代言人。杜甫接受和融化原本枯燥的儒家思想,将原本消解个人的集体主义国家哲学,通过水乳交融的人生经历,从而实现了物我无间、大我与小我一体、道学与文学一体的诗歌表达。

Du Fu is known as the“Sage of Poetry”.He is different from the“Poet Immortal”Li Bai whose poems are bold and elegant,and“the Buddha of the Poets”Wang Wei whose poetry embodies detachment and simplicity.In the realm of poetry,he is like Confucius and Mencius in the realm of philosophy and ethics.During his long years of life,he suffered a lot,from his personal suffering,the national suffering of the Tang Empire,to the suffering caused by Anshi’s Rebellion.Thanks to those sufferings,he stood out from the poets who were originally submerged in the star-studded ranks of the Tang Dynasty,and became one of the most outstanding poets of the Tang Dynasty.Du Fu accepted and integrated the originally dry Confucianism into his poems,and the originally collectivist national philosophy that ignored the individual has been transformed through the blending of his life experiences.In his poems,he expresses the inseparability of things and selves,the unity of the collective and the individual,and the combination of Taoism and literature.