肠内营养的黏膜免疫调控机制研究进展

Research progress on the regulation mechanism of mucosal immunity in enteral nutrition

当患者存在营养风险需要营养支持治疗时, 在无禁忌的情况下应首选肠内营养(enteral nutrition, EN)。EN广泛应用于急危重症、炎症性肠病、胃肠外科围术期、非轻症急性胰腺炎等。EN治疗机制的基础和临床研究是近年来的热点, 多数研究认为, 其临床疗效与调控黏膜免疫和肠道微生态平衡有关, 但确切机制仍不清楚。该文就EN的作用机制进行综述, 为将来疾病的治疗及EN制剂的选择提供参考。

For patients at nutritional risk who need nutritional treatment,enteral nutrition should be preferred if there is no contraindication.Enteral nutrition is widely used in acute and critical diseases,inflammatory bowel diseases,perioperative management of gastrointestinal surgeries,and non-mild acute pancreatitis.The basic and clinical research on the mechanism of enteral nutrition therapy has become a hot topic in recent years.The majority believe that enteral nutrition therapy works through regulating mucosal immunity and intestinal microecological balance,but the underlying mechanism is still unclear.This review is focused on the mechanism of action of enteral nutrition,in order to inform future application in disease management and the selection of enteral nutrition formulations.