韩国的均衡发展策略与青年流动

ROK's Balanced Development Strategy and Youth Mobility

自2003年《国家均衡发展特别法》制定以来,韩国政府致力于推进地区均衡发展。尽管如此,韩国首都圈与非首都圈之间的发展差距依然显著。首都圈强烈的虹吸效应进一步加重了青年的单向集中,导致“地方消失”危机加剧。为应对这一挑战和实现空间正义,文在寅政府及尹锡悦政府采取了一系列措施,如施行法制化的青年政策和均衡发展战略,重组地方大学与高等教育体系,建设创新城市与高新技术产业,优化青年的地方就业和生活环境,以及振兴闲置区域,等等。这些措施旨在从教育、就业和城市定居三个维度平衡青年在首都圈与非首都圈的流动。

Since the enactment of the“National Balanced Development Special Law”in 2003,the government of ROK has been dedicated to promoting balanced regional development.Despite this,a significant development gap remains between the capital region and the other areas.The strong pull effect of the capital region has intensified the one-way concentration of young people,leading to an increased crisis of“local disappearance”.In response to this challenge and to achieve spatial justice,the administrations of Moon Jae-in and Yoon Suk-yeol have implemented a series of measures:introducing legal frameworks for youth policies and balanced development strategies,restructuring local universities and higher education systems,developing innovative cities and high-tech industries,improving employment and living conditions for young people in local areas,and strategies for revitalizing unused areas.The aim of these strategies is to balance the movement of young people between the capital region and the other areas,considering education,employment,and urban settlement.