重金属污染土壤原位固定修复研究进展

Research progress on in-situ fixation and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil

本文深入研究了原位固定修复技术,它是一项至关重要的土壤治理方法,旨在削减土壤中重金属的生物有效性,减轻其对生态系统和人类的潜在危害。我们探讨了重金属污染的特性和多方面影响,涵盖了重金属的不同形态、生态传播、食物链中的积累,以及与此相关的土壤酸化、水体污染和生态系统破坏等问题。此外,我们详细介绍了主要的原位固定修复技术,包括氧化还原法、石灰固化法、生物修复法和离子交换树脂法。特别值得关注的是,新一代高效修复技术如生物炭和石墨烯氧化物也在取得显著进展。这些技术提供了有力的工具,为处理重金属污染土壤问题提供了希望,同时为未来的研究方向开辟了新的前景。

This paper delves into in-situ fixed remediation technology,which is a crucial soil remediation method aimed at reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil and mitigating their potential harm to ecosystems and humans.We explored the characteristics and multifaceted impacts of heavy metal pollution,covering different forms of heavy metals,ecological transmission,accumulation in the food chain,as well as related issues such as soil acidification,water pollution,and ecosystem damage.In addition,we have provided a detailed introduction to the main in-situ fixed repair technologies,including redox method,lime solidification method,bioremediation method,and ion exchange resin method.Of particular concern is the significant progress made in new generation efficient remediation technologies such as biochar and graphene oxide.These technologies provide powerful tools and hope for dealing with heavy metal contaminated soil issues,while opening up new prospects for future research directions.