不同生源地医学生就业偏好及异质性研究——基于北京市6家医院的离散选择实验

A study on the job preferences and heterogeneity of medical students from different birthplaces:A discrete choice experiment based on six hospitals in Beijing

目的:分析不同生源地医学生就业偏好及异质性,为优化基层卫生人力管理提供参考。方法:采用整群抽样方法,对北京市6家教学医院的925名医学生开展离散选择实验的线上问卷调查,获得有效问卷741份,有效回收率为80.1%。运用混合logit模型对6个工作属性进行回归分析并估计支付意愿。结果:不同生源地医学生对工作地点的选择具有显著差异。亚组分析结果表明,相比于来自城市的医学生,来自农村和县城的医学生更重视充足的职业发展机会;本科生亚组结果显示,相比于其他生源地的本科生,来自农村的本科生更偏好良好的工作环境。结论:不同生源地的医学生就业偏好存在异质性;政策制定者应关注医学生生源地,兼顾教育程度优化多元工作要素,分类制定针对性的基层卫生人才吸引措施。

Objective:To analysis the job preference and heterogeneity of medical students by distinguishing their birthplaces,and to provide reference for optimizing the management of primary health care resources.Methods:Using a cluster sampling method,an online survey of discrete choice experiment was conducted with 925 medical students from six teaching hospitals in Beijing,741 valid questionnaires were obtained,the effective recovery rate was 80.1%.The mixed logit model was used to perform regression analysis on six job attributes and estimate the willingness to pay.Results:There were significant differences in the choice of work location among medical students from different birthplaces.The subgroup results showed that compared to medical students from city,undergraduates from rural and county district preferred a work with sufficient career development opportunities.The results of undergraduate subgroup showed that undergraduates from rural district preferred a work with good environment than those from other birthplaces.Conclusion:There is heterogeneity in job preferences of medical students from different birthplaces.Policy makers should pay attention to the medical students birthplace,also take the educational level into account to optimize the diversified job attributes,formulating targeted intervention to attract primary health care talents.