环境规制下中国工业绿色转型的创新类型选择

Choice of innovation type for China's industrial green transformation under environmental regulation

为了解决严格环境规制背景下工业企业如何选择适宜的绿色技术创新类型来实现工业绿色转型的问题,采用包含非期望产出的超效率与基于松弛值测算(SBM)相结合的SBM模型,测算中国30个省份2008—2020年的工业环境效率,以该效率表征工业绿色转型水平.通过面板门槛模型,探究不同环境规制强度下绿色技术创新类型对工业绿色转型的影响机理.结果表明,整体上,2008—2020年中国工业环境效率处于波动上升态势,区域间的效率差距整体上呈微幅减小的趋势.不同绿色技术创新的环境效应存在显著差异,其中强调工艺和产品的过程导向型绿色技术创新是实现工业绿色转型的关键.随着环境规制强度的加大,过程导向型绿色技术创新的正向环境效应会加大,结果导向型绿色技术创新的负向环境效应会降低.

A super-efficient SBM model including non-desired outputs was used to measure industrial environmental efficiency in 30 Chinese provinces from 2008 to 2020 in order to solve the problem of how industrial enterprises can pick appropriate green technology innovations to accomplish industrial green transformation under the background of strict environmental regulations.The efficiency was used to characterize the level of industrial green transformation.A panel threshold model was used to explore the mechanism of the impact of different green technology innovations on industrial green transformation under different environmental regulation intensities.Results show that China's industrial environmental efficiency fluctuates and rises from 2008 to 2020 as a whole,and the efficiency gap between regions shows a slightly decreasing trend.The environmental impacts of various green technology innovations significantly differ,among which process-oriented green technology innovations emphasizing on processes and products is the key to achieving industrial green transformation.The positive environmental effect of process-oriented green technology innovation increases,while the negative environmental effect of result-oriented green technology innovation decreases as environmental regulations become more stringent.