一种宽带双极化波束切换微带天线的设计

Design of Broadband Dual-polarized Beam Switched Microstrip Antenna

以海港码头集装箱堆场的远程(无人化)操控系统为应用背景,提出一种控制方法简单和可实现性好的宽带双极化波束切换微带天线系统。该系统整体由微带阵列天线和波束控制电路两部分组成,其中微带阵列天线包含天线阵A和天线阵B两种类型。所涉及的双极化微带天线采用新型双贴片结构,使得天线实现较宽工作带宽的同时保持较高的极化隔离度;同时,通过在底层辐射贴片上开正方形环槽,实现天线的小型化。波束控制电路采用SP6T射频开关芯片,通过合理的电路设计布局,将两组射频开关集成于一块电路板,在保证低损耗、高速的多波束切换的同时减小了电路尺寸。实测结果表明:该天线的带宽达到21.8%(反射系数小于-10 dB),隔离度大于20 dB,在整个工作频段内该天线系统六个波束能够无缝覆盖-90°~90°工作区,增益优于12 dBi,双极化性能良好。

Based on the remote(unmanned)control system for container yard at the port terminal,a broadband dual-polarized beam switched microstrip antenna system with simple control method and good realizability is proposed.The whole system is composed of microstrip array antenna and beam control circuit.Microstrip array antenna includes antenna array A and antenna array B.The dual polarization microstrip antenna adopts a new dual patch structure,which enables the antenna to achieve a wide working bandwidth and maintain a high polarization isolation.At the same time,the miniaturization of the antenna is realized by opening a square ring groove on the bottom radiation patch.The beam control circuit adopts SP6T radio frequency switch chip.Through reasonable circuit design and layout,two sets of radio frequency switches are integrated into one board,which can reduce the circuit size while ensuring low-loss,high-speed multi-beam switching.The measured results show that the bandwidth of the antenna reaches 21.8%(the reflection coefficient is less than-10 dB),and the isolation is greater than 20 dB.In the whole working frequency band,the six beams of the antenna system can seamlessly cover the working area of-90°~90°,the beam gain reaches 12 dBi,and the dual-polarization performance is good.