基于K-means聚类的相控阵任意形状波束子阵综合方法

K-means-based Sub-arrayed Synthesis of Phased Array Antennas for Generating Arbitrary-shaped Beams

传统相控阵由于设计复杂性和成本过高,已经不能满足日益增长的应用需求,子阵划分等技术较好地解决了这个问题。本文提出一种任意形状波束相控阵子阵综合方法,在激励匹配策略下,将子阵综合问题转化为一个子阵布局优化问题,而子阵的复激励可解析地从参考阵列激励计算得到。利用一种无监督聚类K-means方法对子阵布局优化问题进行求解,该方法能同时对子阵的激励幅相进行优化,增加了子阵综合的自由度和灵活性。在任意形状波束子阵综合数值算例中,通过与传统智能优化方法在方向图逼近、激励匹配代价函数、阵列性能参数及计算效率等方面的比较,验证了所提方法的有效性。

Conventional phased arrays can no longer meet the growing demand for applications due to their design complexity and high cost,but techniques such as subarray partitioning have better solved this problem.In this paper,an arbitrarily shaped beam phased array subarray synthesis method is proposed to transform the subarray synthesis problem into a subarray layout optimization one under an excitation matching strategy,while the complex excitation of the subarray can be analytically calculated from the reference array excitation.The subarray layout optimization problem is solved by an unsupervised clustering K-means method,which can optimize the excitation phase of the subarray simultaneously,increasing the freedom and flexibility of the subarray synthesis.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing with the traditional intelligent optimization method in terms of pattern approximation,excitation matching cost function,array performance parameters and computational efficiency in the numerical calculation example of subarray synthesis for arbitrarily shaped beams.