微罪立法下危险作业罪的限缩认定

The Limited Identification of Crime of Dangerous Operation under Micro-crime Legislation

危险作业罪的设立符合积极预防性刑法观下以微罪形式扩张犯罪圈的立法趋势,但在司法适用过程中存在缺乏实质性限缩认定及相关罪名适用混乱的问题,面临危险作业罪认定标准模糊、罪名适用纠缠不清的困境。为此,须规范违反的本质限定“有关安全管理规定”的内容、明晰“现实危险”的判断标准、明确罪过的故意本质、对危险作业罪构成要件要素限缩解释、实现危险作业罪定罪标准的具体化,从而在主、客观构成要件内容明确的基础上确定相关罪名界分标准及竞合适用,寻求危险作业罪微罪治理下的司法适用路径。

The establishment of crime of dangerous operation conforms to the legislative trend of expanding the crime circle in the form of micro crime under the active preventive criminal law view,but there are problems in the judicial practice application process,such as the lack of substantive limited identification and the confusion of the application of related charges,resulting in the dilemma of vague identification standards and unclear application of charges.To this end,the content of“relevant safety management provisions”is divided according to the nature of normative violations,the judgment standard of“real danger”is refined,the intentional nature of the crime is clear,and the constitutive elements of the crime of dangerous operation are limited and interpreted,so as to realize the concrete conviction standard of the crime of dangerous operation.Therefore,on the basis of clear subjective and objective elements,the classification standard and competitive application of related charges are clarified,and the judicial application path under the petty micro-crime management of crime of dangerous operations is sought.