基于无人机航测技术的土地确权工作的优缺点浅析

Analysis on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Land Right Determination Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)Aerial Survey Technology*

【目的】土地确权是一项重要且繁杂的工作,无人机航测技术作为新兴的技术,在土地确权方面具有巨大应用潜力。但在实际应用中还存在一些不足,因而需要对无人机航测技术的优缺点进行深入探究。【方法】课题组以广西某农场土地确权项目为例,采用0.1 m空间分辨率的航空正射影像为底图,经过内业遥感影像解译、外业指界的方式,对土地资源现状进行摸排整理。【结果】理清了土地权属关系,查清了土地利用现状,核清了办公住宅用地等10大类土地经营管理现状,并对土地实行“建档立卡”,最终实现土地资源网格化、精细化、动态化的管理。【结论】基于无人机航测技术的土地确权具有时效性强、灵活性强、作业精准、成本低、安全性好等优点,在实际应用中能够有效提高土地确权工作的效率,节省了大量的人力、物力和财力,为政府土地确权提供方法参考和依据;但也还存在作业范围小、续航时间短、像控点布设困难、受植被覆盖程度影响以及普及率不够高等限制性因素,这些因素制约着无人机航测技术的发展。

[Objective]Land right confirmation is an important and complicated work,and UAV aerial survey technology,as an emerging technology,has enormous potential for application in land right confirmation.However,there are still some shortcomings in practical applications,so it is necessary to deeply explore the advantages and disadvantages of UAV aerial survey technology.[Method]Taking the land right confirmation project of a farm in Guangxi as an example,the research group used an aerial orthophoto with a spatial resolution of 0.1 meters as the base map,and analyzed the current situation of land resources by interpreting the internal remote sensing images and pointing the boundaries of the field.[Result]The land ownership relationship,the current situation of land use,and the management status of 10 major categories of land such as office and residential land were clarified,and the land was“archived and established”,and finally the gridded,refined and dynamic management of land resources was realized.[Conclusion]Land right confirmation based on UAV aerial survey technology has the advantages of strong timeliness,strong flexibility,accurate operation,low cost and good safety,etc.,which can effectively improve the efficiency of land right confirmation in practical application,save a lot of manpower,material resources and financial resources,and provide a method reference and basis for government land right confirmation.However,there are still some restrictive factors,such as small operating range,short endurance time,difficulty in laying image control points,influence of vegetation coverage and low penetration rate.These factors restrict the development of UAV aerial survey technology.