蓖麻田间杂草与除草剂筛选研究进展

蓖麻是一种高含油量的草本植物,在世界范围内广泛种植,具有多种用途和较高的经济价值,是医学、工业和航空航天等领域的重要原料。但蓖麻对除草剂极其敏感,目前市面上没有完全适合蓖麻的除草剂,迫切需要研发、筛选适合蓖麻田间种植的除草剂。课题组介绍了蓖麻田中杂草所造成的危害、除草剂的作用机理及分类,概述了蓖麻田间主要杂草类型及常用的除草方式,在此基础上,采用文献研究法重点分析对比了针对蓖麻苗前、苗后两个阶段田间杂草适用的除草剂以及科学防除方式。未来除草剂的开发与应用应注意除草剂种类、应用策略、作物种类等多个方面,加大对适合蓖麻的除草剂的研发力度,筛选出适合蓖麻大田的除草剂,同时利用基因编辑技术加强抗除草剂蓖麻新品种的研究和培育,提高蓖麻产量和质量,促进蓖麻产业的高质量发展。

Castor is a high oil content herbaceous plant,which is widely cultivated in the world,has a variety of uses and high economic value,and is an important raw material in the fields of medicine,industry and aerospace.However,castor bean is extremely sensitive to herbicides,and there are no herbicides on the market that are completely suitable for castor bean,so there is an urgent need to develop and screen herbicides suitable for castor bean field cultivation.The group introduced the hazards caused by weeds in castor bean field,the mechanism of action and classification of herbicides,outlined the main types of weeds in castor bean field and the commonly used weed control methods.On this basis,the literature research method was used to analyze and compare the suitable herbicides and scientific control methods for weeds in castor bean field before and after seedling.In the future,the development and application of herbicides should pay attention to many aspects such as herbicide types,application strategies,crop types,etc.,increase the research and development of herbicides suitable for castor bean,screen out herbicides suitable for castor bean field,and at the same time,use gene editing technology to strengthen the research and cultivation of new herbicide-resistant castor bean varieties,improve castor bean yield and quality,and promote the high-quality development of castor industry.