日据时期朝鲜与台湾地区公医制度比较研究

A Comparative Study of Koii System in Korea and Taiwan Region during the Japan-occupied Period

为了填补医疗卫生之空白而实行的台湾地区公医制度,1913年在朝鲜同样实行了。两地的制度本身很相似,不过制度的实施效果却相当不一样。首先,台湾地区公医每个月要提出公医报告,但朝鲜公医没有这种义务,这种差异造成两地医疗卫生统计水准的显著差距。其次,台湾地区公医组织公医会,相互交换有关医疗的资讯,但朝鲜公医没有类似组织。再次,台湾地区公医跟警察合作紧密,而在朝鲜没有公医和警察之间的紧密合作。而且台湾地区公医分布密度比朝鲜高,这一点影响到两地民众利用医院的频度和传染病的防治。相关史实显示,日据时期朝鲜的公共医疗卫生网络不如台湾地区组织紧密与有效。

In order to fill the gap in health care,a public medical system(koii)was introduced in Taiwan region during Japanese rule,and in 1913,the system was introduced in Korea.Although the system was similar in the two colonies,it was implemented differently.First,kois in Taiwan region were required to submit the Public Medical Report every month,but those in Korea had no such obligation,and this difference resulted in a significant difference in the standard of medical and health statistics between the two regions.Secondly,the public medical associations of koi in Taiwan region exchanged medical information with each other,but there was no similar organization for public medical practitioners in Korea.Third,kois in Taiwan region work closely with the police,whereas in Korea,there was no such close cooperation between koiis and the police.Moreover,the density of kois in Taiwan region was higher than that in Korea,which affected the frequency of hospital use and the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in both places.These historical facts show that the public health care network in Korea was not as closely and effectively organized as in Taiwan region during the Japanese occupation period.