摘要
塔里木盆地勘探面积广阔、油气资源量大、探明程度较低,是"十四五"(2021—2025年)规划中国油气增储上产的最重要压舱石之一。塔里木盆地的勘探研究面临着诸多世界级难题,如古老海相烃源灶、超深规模储层、超深层油气赋存、超长油气藏演化等,这些因素严重制约了塔里木盆地的整体效益勘探。基于近两年的露头、钻井、地球物理、分析测试等资料,对塔里木盆地油气勘探新领域、新类型中成藏关键要素的耦合模式和资源潜力开展了系统分析。研究结果表明:塔里木盆地主要发育台盆区寒武系盐下、奥陶系、石炭系、前陆区古生界—新生界4套区域性储-盖组合及含油气系统,其中,库车坳陷白垩系亚格列木组、库车坳陷南斜坡迎烃面古生界潜山、库车坳陷北部构造带(迪北地区)侏罗系致密气断缝体、塔西南地区石炭系—二叠系、台盆区寒武系盐下台缘带及阿瓦提凹陷西缘寒武系、台盆区奥陶系断溶体是油气勘探最重要的新领域新类型。库车前陆区古生界潜山及中生界的近源油气资源量巨大,其中,温宿—佳木地区古潜山的石油资源量超过2×10^(8)t、天然气资源量约为600×10^(8)m^(3),白垩系亚格列木组的天然气资源量约为10500×10^(8)m^(3)、石油资源量超过4300×10^(4)t,北部构造带侏罗系阿合组的天然气资源量近2.6×10^(12)m^(3)、石油资源量约为1.3×10^(8)t。台盆区寒武系盐下台缘带的天然气资源量近1.8×10^(12)m^(3);阿瓦提凹陷西缘的天然气资源量约为4400×10^(8)m^(3)、石油资源量约为1.4×10^(8)t;富满—顺北地区奥陶系断溶体的油气资源量近32×10^(8)t油当量。新领域、新类型油气勘探突破带来的地质和资源潜力新认识可为后续持续高效的勘探奠定稳定基础。
Tarim Basin is characterized by vast exploration areas,large amount of oil-gas reserves,and relatively low degree of exploration.It plays a crucial role as one of the key drivers for China's domestic oil-gas reserves and production during the"14th Five-Year Plan".However,numerous world-class challenges are encountered in the exploration of Tarim Basin,such as ancient marine source rocks,ultra-deep reservoirs,the occurrence of hydrocarbons in ultra-deep reservoirs,as well as the long-term evolution of oil-gas reservoirs,which significantly limit the overall efficiency of exploration in Tarim Basin.Through an integrated approach that combines the data of outcrops,well drilling,geophysics,and testing over the past two years,this paper systematically analyzes the coupling model of key factors for the new types of hydrocarbon accumulation in new prospecting fields of Tarim Basin,as well as resource potential in the study area.The research indicates that Tarim Basin mainly developed four regional reservoir-cap combinations and hydrocarbon systems,including Cambrian pre-salt,Ordovician,and Carboniferous reservoirs in the platform area of basin,as well as the Paleozoic to Cenozoic reservoirs in the foreland area.The most important new areas and types are shown as below:the Lower Cretaceous Yageliemu Formation in Kuqa depression,the Paleozoic buried hills on the south slope of Kuqa depression,the Jurassic tight gas fault-fracture bodies in the northern tectonic belt(Dibei area)of Kuqa depression,the Carboniferous-Permian strata in the southwest Tarim Basin,the Lower Cambrian platform margin belt in platform area and the Cambrian in the west margin of Awati sag,as well as Ordovician fault-karst bodies in the platform area.The near-source oil-gas resources in the Paleozoic buried hills and the Mesozoic of Kuqa foreland basin have enormous potential.The amount of oil and gas resources can reach 2×10^(8)t and 600×10^(8)m^(3)in the paleo buried hills of Wensu-Jiamu area,respectively.The amount of gas and oil resources in the Cretaceous Yageliemu Formation is about 10500×10^(8)m^(3)and 4300×10^(4)t,respectively.In the northern tectonic belt of Kuqa depression,the natural gas and oil resources of the Jurassic Ahe Formation possess 2.6×10^(12)m^(3)and 1.3×10^(8)t,respectively.The Lower Cambrian pre-salt platform margin belt in the platform area contains 1.78×10^(12)m^(3)of natural gas.The gas and oil resources are 4400×10^(8)m^(3)and 1.4×10^(8)t in the west margin of Awati sag,respectively.The Ordovician fault-karst bodies has around 32×10^(8)t of oil equivalent in the Fuman-Shunbei area.The insights into geological and resource potential gained from breakthroughs in exploring new fields and types of oil-gas resources can lay a solid foundation for further efficient exploration in the future.
作者
王清华
徐振平
张荣虎
杨海军
杨宪彰
Wang Qinghua;Xu Zhenping;Zhang Ronghu;Yang Haijun;Yang Xianzhang(PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China;R&D Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development,CNPC,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China;PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310023,China)
出处
《石油学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期15-32,共18页
Acta Petrolei Sinica
基金
中国石油天然气集团有限公司基础性前瞻性重大科技专项"叠合盆地中下组合油气成藏与保持机制研究"(2023ZZ02)
国家重点研发计划"塔里木盆地盐下超深层油气分布规律及有利勘探区带评价"(2019YFC0605505)。
关键词
塔里木盆地
油气勘探
新领域
新类型
资源潜力
Tarim Basin
oil and gas exploration
new fields
new types
resource potential