细胞有丝分裂前期检查点和结肠癌转移相关蛋白1表达与直肠癌新辅助同步放化疗敏感性关系的研究

Study on the relationship between CHFR and MACC1 expressions and sensitivity of patients with rectal cancer for neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy

目的:探讨细胞有丝分裂前期检查点(CHFR)和结肠癌转移相关蛋白1(MACC1)表达与直肠癌新辅助同步放化疗(nCRT)敏感性关系。方法:收集2017年3月至2022年2月秦皇岛市第一医院住院治疗的166例直肠癌患者病案资料,所有患者术前仅接受nCRT,其中放疗采用三维适形调强放疗,化疗采用Capeox方案,nCRT治疗4~6周后均顺利完成腹腔镜下全直肠系膜切除术。免疫组织化学SP染色法检测直肠癌及其癌旁组织CHFR和MACC1蛋白表达。根据美国癌症分期联合委员会肿瘤退化分级(TRG)标准,将nCRT后肿瘤退化分级(TRG)0~2级的75例患者纳入nCRT不敏感组,TRG为3~4级的91例患者纳入nCRT敏感组,比较两组患者治疗前后癌组织CHFR和MACC1蛋白表达水平,分析患者临床病理特征与nCRT敏感性关系,以及nCRT敏感性的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)分析CHFR和MACC1对直肠癌nCRT敏感性的预测价值。结果:直肠癌组织CHFR阳性表达率显著低于癌旁组织,MACC1阳性表达率显著高于癌旁组织(x^(2)=81.373、87.150,P<0.05)。166例患者nCRT治疗结束后,TRG为0级6例,1级8例,2级61例,3级59例,4级32例,nCRT敏感率为54.82%(91/166)。nCRT敏感组CHFR阳性表达率显著高于nCRT不敏感组,MACC1阳性表达率显著低于nCRT不敏感组(x^(2)=4.613、37.509,P<0.05)。nCRT敏感组T4分期占比高于nCRT不敏感组,N+分期占比高于nCRT不敏感组,差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=54.432、28.912,P<0.05)。CHFR和MACC1表达是影响直肠癌患者对nCRT敏感性的独立危险因素[OR=2.456(95%CI:1.294~4.563),OR=3.281(95%CI:1.472~6.479),P<0.05]。CHFR和MACC1联合检测预测直肠癌nCRT敏感性的灵敏度、特异度分别为65.89%和69.46%,联合检测预测、CHFR和MACC1单项检测的AUC分别为0.713,0.564和0.589,P<0.05。结论:CHFR和MACC1与直肠癌nCRT敏感性有关,即CHFR高表达和MACC1低表达患者对nCRT敏感性更高,故两者有可能成为预测直肠癌nCRT敏感性的指标。

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the expressions of checkpoint with forkhead-associated and ring finger(CHFR)and metastasis-associated protein 1(MACC1)and the sensitivity of patients with rectal cancer for neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy(nCRT).Methods:The medical documents of 166 patients with rectal cancer admitted to First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from March 2017 to February 2022 were collected.All patients only received nCRT before surgery,and the radiotherapy adopted three-dimensional conformal intensity modulated radiotherapy,and chemotherapy adopted Capeox scheme.All patients successfully completed total mesorectal excision after 4-6 weeks of nCRT treatment.Immunohistochemical SP staining method was used to detect the protein expressions of CHFR and MACC1 in rectal cancer and its adjacent tissues.According to the tumor regressive grading(TRG)standard of the Joint Committee on Cancer Staging in the United States,75 patients who were grade 0-2 as TRG after nCRT were included in the nCRT insensitive group,and 91 patients who were grade 3-4 as TRG were included in the nCRT sensitive group.The expression levels of CHFR and MACC1 proteins in cancer tissues before and after treatment between the two groups were compared.And then,the relationship between clinically pathological characteristics of patients and nCRT sensitivity was analyzed,and the influencing factors of nCRT sensitivity were analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves of them were drawn,and area under curve(AUC)values were calculated,and the predictive values of CHFR and MACC1 for the sensitivity of patients with rectal cancer to nCRT were further analyzed.Results:The CHFR positive expression rate in rectal cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues of rectal cancer,and the MACC1 positive expression rate in rectal cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues of rectal cancer(x^(2)=81.373,87.150,P<0.05),respectively.After 166 patients completed the nCRT treatment,there were 6 cases of TRG grade 0,8 cases of TRG grade 1,61 cases of TRG grade 2,59 cases of TRG grade 3 and 32 cases of TRG grade 4.The sensitivity rate of nCRT was 54.82%(91/166).The CHFR positive expression rate in the nCRT sensitive group was significantly higher than that in the nCRT insensitive group,and the MACC1 positive expression rate in the nCRT sensitive group was significantly lower than that in the nCRT insensitive group(x^(2)=4.613,37.509,P<0.05).The proportions of T4 stage and N+stage in the nCRT sensitive group were higher than those in the nCRT insensitive group,and the differences were statistically significant(x^(2)=54.432,28.912,P<0.05),respectively.The expressions of CHFR and MACC1 were respectively independent risk factor affected the sensitivity of patients with rectal cancer to nCRT[OR=2.456(95%CI:1.294-4.563),OR=3.281(95%CI:1.472-6.479),P<0.05].The sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of CHFR and MACC1 were respectively 65.89%and 69.46%in predicting the nCRT sensitivity for rectal cancer.The predictive value of the combined detection was higher than that of single CHFR detection and single MACC1 detection(AUC values of them were respectively 0.713,0.564,0.589,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:CHFR and MACC1 are related to the sensitivity of patients with rectal cancer to nCRT,which means patients with high expression of CHFR and low expression of MACC1 are more sensitive to nCRT.Therefore,both of them may be indicators that predict the sensitivity of patients with rectal cancer to nCRT.