日本福岛核污染水排放危害及对策

Study on countermeasures of nuclear polluted water discharge in Fukushima,Japan

目的 探寻日本核污染水排放对人体的危害,研究应对措施。方法 通过搜集文献资料总结核污染水的危害,参照应急处置办法和经验,结合我国当前的特点提出应对措施。结果 核污染水会通过吸入、食入和皮肤沾染照射等途径对人体造成躯体和遗传的辐射效应。应对措施包括三个方面:摸清排放源项,做到心中有数;运用扩散模型,提高风险预判;建立应急预案,确保有备无患。结论 核污染水对人体有辐射损害,应科学预案和应对,做好综合防护措施。

Objective To investigate the harm of nuclear polluted water discharge in Japan and prepare countermeasures for discharge.Methods By summarizing the literature,the harm of nuclear polluted water is confirmed,and the countermeasures are put forward according to the emergency disposal methods and experience and combined with the current facts of our country.Results Nuclear contaminated water can cause physical and genetic radiation effects on human body through inhalation,ingestion and external irradiation.Countermeasures should focuses on finding out the emission source items,Predicting the risk of discharging and preparing an emergency plan.Conclusion Nuclear polluted water has radiation damage to human body,so we should deal with it scientifically and take protective measures in advance.