喷施外源激素对灵武长枣果实主要营养品质和外观品质的影响

Effect of exogenous hormones on the main nutritional quality and appearance quality of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.‘Lingwuchangzao’

【目的】通过喷施不同外源激素,研究其对灵武长枣果实主要营养品质和外观品质的影响,以提高灵武长枣的品质,为灵武长枣提质增效栽培实践提供科学依据。【方法】以6年生灵武长枣为研究对象,在枣树坐果以后分别喷施脱落酸(ABA100 mg/L)、乙烯(ETH100 mg/L)、赤霉素(GA_(3)30 mg/L)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA50 mg/L)、生长素(IAA100 mg/L)水溶液,调查分析喷施外源激素对灵武长枣果实的色泽、大小及营养品质的影响。【结果】喷施不同外源激素对灵武长枣果实的主要营养品质和外观品质有不同影响。1)喷施外源激素GA_(3)、ABA、IAA后,果实风味变得更甜,其中喷施GA_(3)后果实蔗糖含量提高3.41%,喷施ABA后,果实葡萄糖含量提高7.03%;喷施ETH后果实果糖含量提高17.15%。喷施外源激素GA_(3)、ABA、IAA、MeJA可降低灵武长枣果实有机酸的含量,其中喷施MeJA后果实有机酸含量降低46.80%。2)喷施ABA后果实中维生素C含量显著提高1.44%;喷施ETH后果皮中花青苷含量提高了111.65%,而喷施GA_(3)后果实色泽下降。3)喷施GA_(3)后果实的纵径提高了6.55%,果形指数提高了8.05%,单果质量提高了29.75%。喷施MeJA后果实的横径提高了14.86%。【结论】对灵武长枣果树喷施外源激素GA_(3)、ABA、IAA后,能够提高果实的风味品质,喷施GA_(3)、ABA、MeJA、IAA后,提高了灵武长枣果实的外观品质,能增加其商品价值。

【Objective】In order to improve the nutritional quality and appearance quality of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.‘Lingwuchangzao’,the effects of different exogenous hormones on the main nutritional quality and appearance quality of Z.jujuba Mill.cv.‘Lingwuchangzao’fruit were studied by spraying different exogenous hormones,in order to provide a basis for improving the quality and efficiency of Z.jujuba Mill.cv.‘Lingwuchangzao’cultivation practice.【Method】6-year old Z.jujuba Mill.cv.‘Lingwuchangzao’fruits was taken as the research object,and the effects of exogenous hormones on the color,size and nutritional quality of fruits of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.‘Lingwuchangzao’fruits were investigated and analyzed by spraying with abscisic acid(ABA100 mg/L),ethylene(ETH100 mg/L),gibberellin(GA_(3)30 mg/L),methyl jasmonate(MeJA50 mg/L)and auxin(IAA100 mg/L)aqueous solution after jujube fruit setting.【Result】Spraying different exogenous hormones had different effects on the main nutritional quality and appearance quality of‘Lingwuchangzao’fruits.(1)After spraying ABA,fruit glucose content increased by 7.03%,fruit fructose content increased by 17.15%after spraying ETH,and fruit sucrose content increased by 3.41%after spraying GA_(3).Spraying exogenous hormones GA_(3),ABA,IAA and MeJA decreased the organic acid content in the fruits of‘Lingwuchangzao’,in which the organic acid content of the fruits decreased by 46.80%after spraying MeJA.(2)The vitamin C content of the fruits increased by 1.44%after spraying ABA.After spraying ETH,the anthocyanin content in pericarp of fruits increased by 111.65%,but the color of the pericarp decreased after spraying GA_(3).(3)After spraying GA_(3),the longitudinal diameter of fruit increased by 6.55%,the fruit shape index increased by 8.05%and the mass per fruit increased by 29.75%.After spraying MeJA,the transverse diameter of fruit increased by 14.86%.【Conclusion】Spraying exogenous hormones GA_(3),ABA and IAA,the fruit flavor quality could be improved.After spraying GA_(3),ABA,MeJA and IAA,the appearance quality and commercial value of the fruit could be improved.