肠道中钙和铁相互作用对其吸收影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effect of the Interaction Between Calcium and Iron on Their Absorption in the Intestine

钙和铁是人体健康必需的金属元素,在骨骼形成、氧气运输等多种代谢过程中发挥重要作用。然而,钙和铁缺乏却是常见的营养问题,可能会分别导致骨质疏松和贫血。而且其相互作用可能会干扰彼此的吸收和生物利用度,因此,了解钙和铁在肠道中的吸收机制及其相互作用对制定有效的预防或治疗营养性疾病的策略至关重要。已有大量研究表明,短期补充钙会抑制铁的吸收,而长期补充钙对总体铁稳态没有影响。这可能是由于钙摄入对铁吸收的影响是一种短暂和适应性反应,具体的分子机制可能是钙对铁相关转运蛋白的调节,但还需要更多的研究阐明这一过程。此外,关于铁如何影响钙吸收的研究较少,有研究表明高剂量的铁可能对钙的吸收和保留有负面作用,但铁对钙吸收的具体影响和机制尚不清楚。本文综述了钙和铁在肠道中的吸收机理、摄入钙和铁直至吸收过程中钙和铁所发生的相互作用,并详细阐述了钙和铁吸收过程中相互影响的内在机制,这对改善钙和铁的摄入和吸收,以及预防由营养缺乏导致的公共健康问题具有一定的指导意义。

Calcium and iron are essential metal elements for human health,as they play important roles in various metabolic processes such as bone formation and oxygen transport.Their interactions may interfere with each other’s absorption and bioavailability;however,deficiencies of calcium and iron are common nutritional problems that may cause osteoporosis and anemia,respectively.Therefore,understanding the mechanism of the intestinal absorption of calcium and iron and their interactions is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent or treat these nutritional diseases.Many studies have demonstrated that calcium could inhibit iron absorption on a short-term basis,while long-term calcium supplementation has no effect the overall iron homeostasis,perhaps because the effect of calcium intake on iron absorption is a transient and adaptive response.The molecular mechanisms involved may include modulation of iron transporters by calcium,but more research is needed to elucidate this process.Furthermore,there are few studies on how iron affects calcium absorption.High doses of iron may have a negative effect on calcium absorption and retention;however,the specific effect of iron on calcium absorption is not clear.In this article,the current understanding of the intestinal absorption mechanism of calcium and iron,their interactions during the absorption process,and the underlying molecular mechanisms governing their reciprocal effects on each other’s absorption are summarized,which is of guiding significance for formulating efficient strategies for improving calcium and iron intake and absorption as well as for preventing public health problems caused by nutritional deficiencies.