品种、播期及药剂处理对油菜根肿病的控制效应评价

Evaluation of Control Effect of Variety,Sowing Date and Fungicide Treatment on Rape Clubroot

为探索有效治理油菜根肿病的技术手段与治理对策,在江西省婺源县开展了油菜不同抗性品种、同一品种在适播期内调整播期、病田增施生石灰及药剂消毒油菜播种穴洞土壤与苗后施药等技术措施对根肿病的控制效应研究。结果表明,华油杂62R田间平均病株率为3.75%,显著低于赣油杂8号等感病品种80%以上的田间病株率,在根肿病防控上具有明显的抗病性优势。油菜同一品种在相同区域播种,迟播较早播的田间病株率显著降低。病田施用生石灰和不同药剂在一定程度上减轻了油菜根肿病的病株率及为害损失。试验证实抗病品种的应用在根肿病防控中具有显著作用;油菜在安全播期内适当推迟播种、病田施用生石灰降低土壤酸度及采用土壤消毒和油菜苗期药剂干预等措施,对油菜根肿病均具有一定的控制效应。综上所述,抗病品种的推广应用、油菜品种播期的合理安排、病田生石灰的安全使用及苗期药剂的早期干预,对油菜根肿病的综合防控具有叠加效应。

In order to explore the effective control techniques and control countermeasures of rape clubroot,this study was conducted in Wuyuan County to investigate the control effects of some technical measures,such as different resistant varieties of rape,adjustment of sowing time within suitable sowing period of the same variety,application of calcium lime in diseased fields,and fungicide disinfection of rape seed-burrow soil and application of fungicide after seedling,on clubroot disease.The results showed that the field incidence rate of Huayouza 62R was 3.75%,which was significantly lower than that of more than 80%of susceptible varieties such as Ganyouza No.8,and had obvious disease resistance advantages in the prevention and control of clubroot.When the same variety of rape was sown in the same area,the disease rate in the field of delayed sowing was significantly lower than that of earlier sowing.Application of calcium lime and fungicide in diseased field could reduce the rate of diseased plant and damage loss of rape clubroot to some extent.The experiment proved that the application of resistant varieties had a unique effect on the control of clubroot.Appropriate delay of sowing in safe sowing period,application of calcium lime to reduce soil acidity in diseased fields,soil disinfection and chemical intervention at seedling stage had certain control effects on the treatment of rape clubroot.In conclusion,the application of resistant varieties,the rational arrangement of sowing date of rape varieties,the safe use of calcium lime and the early intervention of fungicides in seedling stage had superimposed effects on the integrated control of rape clubroot.