“钱塘图景”与“江南记忆”:赵嘏《忆钱塘》新论

The Scenery of Qiantang and the Memory of Jiangnan:New Perspective on Zhao Gu s Remembering Qiantang

“一千里色中秋月,十万军声半夜潮”乃千古传诵的观潮名句,此诗题作《钱塘》,惜为残句。20世纪50年代,晚唐韦庄所编《又玄集》现于日本,选本录《钱塘》全篇,题作《忆钱塘》,系于李廓名下。经辨正,其一,《忆钱塘》作者乃赵嘏,而非李廓;其二,颈联“桂倚玉儿吟处雪,蓬遗苏丞舞时腰”,其中“苏丞”疑为“苏小”之误笔;其三,颈联所绘乃杭州天竺、灵隐寺落桂似雪,西湖莲蓬若苏小小舞动风姿的人文盛景。此外,赵嘏《忆钱塘》是对白居易《忆江南》(其二)“山寺月中寻桂子,郡亭枕上看潮头”的具象化和诗意化,其通过撷取、杂糅和重组白居易杭州诗的经典意象和场景,构建了更具诗意和张力、雅趣和巧思的“钱塘记忆”。

There goes the famous verse:"On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival,the tide is like silver in the moonlight,and the tide rises in the middle of the night like thousands of troops rushing in".It is entitled Qiantang,but unfortunately only a remnant.In the 1950s,You Xuan Ji compiled by Wei Zhuang in the late Tang Dynasty appeared in Japan.The anthology contains the complete poem of Qiantang,entitled Remembering Qiantang,and the author is Li Kuo.After rectification,three facts have been verified.One is that the author of Remembering Qiantang is Zhao Gu,not Li Kuo.Second,the third couplet of the poem,"The sweet-scented osmanthus falls like snowflakes on the moonlight,and the lotus pod is like Su Cheng s dancing waist",in which"Su Cheng"is suspected to be a slip of pen of"Su Xiao".Third,the third couplet depicts the cultural scene where Hangzhou s the sweet-scented osmanthus in Tianzhu Temple and Lingyin Temple falls like snow,and the lotus canopy of the West Lake is like Su Xiao s dancing gracefulness.In addition,Zhao Gu s Remembering Qiantang is the embodiment and poetic expression of Bai Juyi s Remembering Jiangnan(II),"Seek sweet-scented osmanthus in the moonlit night in the mountain temple,and watch the tide in the pavilion of the county".By capturing,mixing and reorganizing the classic images and scenes of Bai Juyi s poems of Hangzhou,Zhao Gu s poem constructs a more poetic and tensive,elegant and ingenious memory of Qiantang.