早熟鲜食葡萄新品种园香妃的选育

A new early-ripening table grape cultivar Yuanxiangfei

园香妃是以红巴拉多为母本、爱神玫瑰为父本杂交培育而成的极早熟玫瑰香型葡萄新品种。果穗大小中等,圆锥形,平均单穗质量550 g。果粒大小较均匀,卵圆形,着生中等紧密,平均单粒质量8.9 g。果皮红色至紫红色,薄,无涩味,果粉薄,果肉脆且有浓郁玫瑰香味,多汁,种子1~2粒,可溶性固形物含量(w)为21.5%。在江苏张家港避雨栽培条件下,3月下旬萌芽,4月底至5月初开花,7月上旬成熟,从萌芽至浆果成熟需107~110 d,属早熟品种,比夏黑(处理果)早上市12~15 d。植株生长势较强,花芽分化好,管理较简单,适合中国大部分葡萄产区种植。

Yuanxiangfei is a new early-maturing table grape cultivar bred by Shenyuan Grape Co.,Ltd.From a cross between Red Baraldo and Eros Rose.Our original goal was to obtain a table grape with a bright red color,a precocious characteristic and a rose-scented aroma.328 hybrid seeds were obtained through controlled artificial pollination in 2013.154 seedlings were obtained,and 100 plants were trans-planted to a research nursery in 2014.The hybrid trees started fruiting in 2016 and a promising tree with good performance as early-maturing,brightly red color,and a rose-scented aroma was selected in 2017.regional tests were conducted in Zhangjiagang and Guanyun County of Jiangsu Province,Jianshui County of Yunnan Province etc.from 2018 to 2020.It was finally named Yuanxiangfei and given new plant patent by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC.The top of the new shoot was semi-open,without creeping hairs,and the main vein on the back of the young leaf had no upright hairs and no creeping hairs between the main veins.The color of the back of the internodes of the new shoot was red,and the ventral side was green with red stripes,without upright hairs.The mature leaves were pentagonal,5-lobed,with a widened petiole depression and a U-shaped base.The petiole depression was not limited by the leaf veins.The cluster was medium-sized,conical,with a weight of 450-650 g.The berrys were moderately dense,with uniform size,oval shape,red-purple peel.The everage weight of a single berry was 8.9 g.The berry powder was thin,the peel was thin and the peel and flesh were easily separated.The flesh was crispy,juicy,strongly aromatic and not astringent.Each berry contained 1-2 seed(s).The soluble solid content was 21.5%.The quality was medium to high.The plant growth potential was strong,and the hidden bud germination rate was high.The bud germination rate was 90.3%,and the fruiting branch rate was 95.1%.The flower bud differentiation was easy,and the aver-age number of fruiting branches generated from a fruiting branch was 2.2.The natural fruit setting was fine,and fruit drop was rare.The yield should be controlled in 1200-1500 kg·666.7 m-2 to ensure good coloration.The branches were highly mature,and suitable to keep 2 buds in winter pruning.Under rain-sheltered cultivation conditions in southern Jiangsu Province,the buds bursted in late March,the flower buds bloomed in early May,and the berrys matured in early July.Under the same cultivation conditions,the berrys would mature 12-15 days earlier than Summer Black.It would be suitably cultivated in most grape-producing areas in China.It is recommended to cultivate with rain shelter in the areas with abun-dant rainfall,and it could be cultivated in the open field in cool areas.