响应面法优化超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取玫瑰精油的工艺研究

Optimization of Extraction Process of Rose Essential Oil by Ultrasonic-Assisted Steam Distillation Method Using Response Surface Methodology

为提高玫瑰精油的出油率,优化实际应用中水蒸气蒸馏法从玫瑰花中提取精油的工艺,试验采用超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法从新疆大马士革鲜玫瑰中提取精油。基于单因素试验,采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计原理,以料液比、蒸馏时间、超声时间、超声功率作为响应因素,玫瑰精油得率作为响应值,对超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取玫瑰精油的工艺进行了优化。结果表明,最佳精油提取工艺条件:采用超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法用水蒸气蒸馏提取装置对鲜玫瑰样品进行加热冷凝回流提取精油,待水沸腾时开始计时,在料液比1∶4(g/mL)、蒸馏时间4 h、超声时间25 min、超声功率200 W时,玫瑰精油得率达到0.0802%。在该工艺条件下提取的玫瑰精油呈淡黄色,香气纯正,令人愉悦,该研究结果可为玫瑰精油的提取奠定技术基础。

In order to improve the oil yield of rose essential oil and optimize the process of extracting essential oil from rose using steam distillation method in practical application,ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation method is used to extract essential oil from fresh Rosa damascena Mill.in Xinjiang.Based on single factor test,Box-Behnken central combination test design principle is used,with solid-liquid ratio,distillation time,ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power as the response factors and the yield of rose essential oil as the response value,the extraction process of essential oil from rose by ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation method is optimized.The results show that the best process conditions for the extraction of essential oil are as follows:the ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation method is used to heat,condense and reflux fresh rose samples using steam distillation extraction device for extracting essential oil.The time is counted when the water boiles.The yield of rose essential oil reaches 0.0802% when the solid-liquid ratio is 1∶4(g/mL),the distillation time is 4 h,the ultrasonic time is 25 min and the ultrasonic power is 200 W.The rose essential oil extracted under these process conditions is light yellow in color with pure and pleasant aroma.The results of this study can lay a technical foundation for the extraction of rose essential oil.