共享经济时代下“使用盗窃”行为可罚性之证成

Penalizability of“Unauthorized Temporary Use”of Others’Property Under Sharing⁃economy Background

使用盗窃作为盗窃罪的表现形态,在当前经济发展水平下,应当全面承认其可罚性。使用盗窃的本质在于对财产使用权的侵犯,伴随财产价值由财产所有权向使用权的转移,认可对其保护是法益开放性的要求。作为不可罚依据的排除意思,在我国刑法语境中既缺少存在的必要性,又可能导致盗窃罪保护范围的不当限缩,不应当作为盗窃罪的主观超过要素存在。使用盗窃可罚性的基础在于该当盗窃罪构成要件。财物的事后返还作为使用盗窃的犯罪学特征,只能作为量刑因素,不影响盗窃罪的认定。损失数额应按照同类财物的替代成本计算,以保证罪刑相适应。

Unauthorized temporary use of others’property,as a manifestation of the crime of theft,should be fully recognized as punishable under the current level of economic development.The essence of unauthorized temporary use of others’property lies in the violation of the right to use property,which is accompanied by a transfer of the value of property from ownership to use,and the recognition of its protection is a requirement of the openness of the legal interest.The exclusion of meaning as a basis for non-punishability is not necessary in the context of Chinese criminal law,but may lead to an undue limitation of the scope of protection of theft,and should not exist as a subjective element in excess of the crime of theft.The basis for the punishability of unauthorized temporary use of others’property lies in the constituent elements of the offence of theft by due process.The subsequent return of property as a criminological feature of theft by use can only be a sentencing factor and does not affect the determination of the crime of theft.The amount of loss should be calculated on the basis of the replacement cost of similar property in order to ensure that the crime is proportionate to the penalty.