钠离子电池负极材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Anode of Sodium Ion Batteries

可充电锂离子电池在世界范围内广泛应用于电子设备、电动汽车和固定储能等系统,但是,锂资源有限且成本较高,难以满足日益增长的需求,因此,研究开发廉价且性能优异的二次离子电池是当前的研究热门课题之一。钠离子电池和锂离子电池具有相似的工作原理,且钠资源丰富、原材料成本低,有望成为锂离子电池的互补或替代品。钠离子电池负极材料的开发相对滞后,在很大程度上限制了钠离子电池的商业化进程。综述了当前钠离子电池负极材料的研究现状,分析了新型钠离子电池负极材料的优缺点,指出了钠离子电池负极材料的研究方向,并对前景作出了展望。

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are widely applied in electronic devices,electric vehicles,and stationary energy storage systems.Unfortunately,the limited and high cost of raw materials results in lithium-ion batteries being difficult to meet the increasing demand,therefore,the research and development of low-cost,high-performance rechargeable batteries that can complement/substitute the lithium-ion batteries are one of the current research hotspots.Due to the similar working principles and the low cost of raw materials,sodium-ion batteries are considered one of the next generations that can complement/substitute lithium-ion batteries.However,the lack of a high-capacity,long-cycling life,low-cost anode hinds the practical application.To guide the research and develop the anodes,the current research status was reviewed,and the advantages/disadvantages of nascent anode materials were analyzed,and a prospect of the sodium-ion batteries in future was given.