ICU患者肺炎克雷伯菌血流感染的特点、新型诊断及治疗方案研究进展

Research progress on the characteristics and new diagnostic and treatment strategies of Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection in ICU patients

肺炎克雷伯菌(Kp)在重症监护室(ICU)中引起的血流感染(BSI)近年来因发病率和病死率的惊人上升而引起人们的关注。随着患者的增加以及大量研究的开展,目前临床上对ICU内Kp-BSI的特点有了更加深入的探究,而且宏基因组二代测序技术、微滴式数字PCR以及机器学习等新型病原学诊断技术的发展,为ICU内Kp-BSI病原学诊断开辟了新的视野。同时,新型抗生素的研发以及多种治疗措施的改进和实施有望降低ICU内Kp-BSI患者的病死率。故本文就ICU-Kp-BSI的发生特点、新型的诊断和治疗手段进行综述,并对今后研究方向进行展望,旨在为临床诊治ICU-Kp-BSI提供新思路。

In recent years,bloodstream infection(BSI)caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae(Kp)in intensive care unit(ICU)has attracted attention in recent years due to an alarming rise in morbidity and mortality.With the increasing number of Kp-BSI patients and the development of studies,the characteristics of Kp-BSI in ICU have been further explored in clinical practice.Moreover,with the development of metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing technology,droplet digital PCR,machine learning,and other novel etiological diagnostic technologies,a new horizon has been opened for the etiological diagnosis of Kp-BSI in ICU.At the same time,the development of new antibiotics and the improvement of various therapeutic measures are expected to reduce the mortality of Kp-BSI patients in ICU.This article reviews the occurrence characteristics of ICU-Kp-BSI,its new diagnosis and treatment methods,and looks forward to the future research direction,so that we can provide some new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of ICU-Kp-BSI in the future.