2021年包头市某大学学生常见病及其影响因素现况分析

Analysis of Common Diseases and its Influencing Factors Among Students of a University in Baotou City in 2021

目的了解包头市某大学学生的健康状况及其影响因素。方法于2021年10月以包头市某大学一至三年级学生作为研究对象,现场测量学生的身体指标,了解大学生视力低下、体质指数异常、龋齿等学生常见病患病情况,采用问卷调查形式分析年级、性别、饮食生活习惯等因素对以上疾病的影响。结果大一到大三学生视力低下率分别为87.50%、86.90%、92.93%(H=6.665,P=0.036),与一周内平均每天使用电子产品的时间有关联(χ^(2)=13.326,P=0.038);学生偏瘦率为13.65%,超重率为13.65%,肥胖率为7.01%,与过去7 d喝含糖饮料次数有关联(H=6.871,P=0.032);大一到大三龋齿率分别为33.02%、17.89%、36.43%,不同年级之间龋齿率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.219,P=0.016)。男生和女生失齿、龋齿率分别为4.29%、17.12%和13.36%、33.78%,不同性别之间失齿、龋齿率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.413、6.949,P=0.036、0.008)。结论大学生视力水平与年级、一周内平均每天使用电子产品时间有关,龋、失齿与年级、性别有关;体质指数与过去7 d喝含糖饮料次数有关。

Objective To understand the health status and influencing factors of students at a university in Baotou city.Methods In October 2021,students from grade one to grade three of a university in Baotou city were taken as the research objects.The physical indicators of students were measured on site to understand the prevalence of common diseases such as low vision,abnormal body mass index and dental caries among college students.The questionnaire survey was used to analyze the influence of grade,gender,diet and living habits on the above diseases.Results The prevalence of poor eyesight among freshmen,sophomores and juniors was 87.50%,86.90%and 92.93%,respectively(H=6.665,P=0.036),which was associated with the average time of using electronic products every day in a week(χ^(2)=13.326,P=0.038).The lean rate,overweight rate and obesity rate of students were 13.65%,13.65%and 7.01%,respectively,which were associated with the frequency of drinking sugary drinks in the past 7 days(H=6.871,P=0.032).The caries rates of freshmen,sophomores and juniors were 33.02%,17.89%and 36.43%,respectively,the difference in caries rate between different grades was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.219,P=0.016).The rates of tooth loss and dental caries in boys and girls were 4.29%,17.12%and 13.36%,33.78%,respectively,there were statistically significant differences in the rates of tooth loss and dental caries between different genders(χ^(2)=4.413,6.949,P=0.036,0.008).Conclusion The visual acuity of college students is related to grade and the average time of using electronic products every day in a week.Caries and tooth loss are related to grade and gender.Body mass index is related to the frequency of drinking sugary drinks in the past 7 days.