过敏性鼻炎中医证型特点分析

Analysis of the Characteristics of TCM Syndromes of Allergic Rhinitis

目的分析过敏性鼻炎(AR)患者的中医证型分布特点、临床症状、体征等。方法选取2020年2月-2021年12月宁夏中医医院暨中医研究院呼吸科门诊的450例AR患者资料,分析过敏性鼻炎患者临床症状、中医证型及分布特点。结果过敏性鼻炎发病以春秋季为主,其中春季占34.22%、秋季占43.11%。发病年龄以青中年为主,主要临床症状和体征依次为鼻甲肿胀、鼻塞、鼻痒、打喷嚏、流清涕、鼻黏膜苍白、脉细弱、舌淡白、嗅觉减退、久病不愈。中医证型主要有肺虚感寒型、肺经郁热型、肾阳亏虚型及肺脾气虚型,其中肺虚感寒型比例最高(36.22%)。结论过敏性鼻炎患者中医证型以肺虚感寒型为主,年龄段及季节分布在一定程度上影响临床辨证分型。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics,clinical symptoms and signs of TCM syndrome types in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods From February 2020 to December 2021,450 AR patients from the Respiratory Department of Ningxia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ningxia Chinese Medicine Center were selected.The clinical symptoms,TCM syndrome types and distribution characteristics of patients with allergic rhinitis were analyzed.Results The incidence of allergic rhinitis was mainly in spring and autumn,with 34.22%in spring and 43.11%in autumn.The age of onset was mainly young and middle-aged.The main clinical symptoms and signs were turbinate swelling,nasal congestion,nasal itching,sneezing,runny nose,pale nasal mucosa,weak pulse,pale tongue,hyposmia and prolonged illness.Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types mainly included lung deficiency and cold type,lung stagnation heat type,kidney Yang deficiency type and lung Qi deficiency type,among which lung deficiency and cold type accounted for the highest proportion(36.22%).Conclusion The traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type of allergic rhinitis patients in Yinchuan area is mainly lung deficiency and cold type.Age and seasonal distribution affect the clinical syndrome differentiation to a certain extent.