基于国家专利的中药复方调治胸痹心痛用药规律研究

A study on medication law of national patent Chinese materia medica compound for treating chest numbness and heart pain

目的:检索、整理中药复方专利防治胸痹心痛的用药规律,为临床治疗与用药提供思路。方法:登录国家知识产权局(https://epub.sipo.gov.cn/),检索自建库至2022年5月1日所有治疗胸痹心痛的中药复方专利,借助中医传承辅助平台,对选取的157项胸痹心痛中药复方专利进行系统用药分析:药物频次统计分析、关联规则以及聚类分析。结果:纳入的157项研究中,共出现303味中药,药物使用频次较多的为丹参(85次)、川芎(77次)、桂枝(69次)、甘草(65次)、当归(61次)、红花(56次)、黄芪(51次)等;常用的药对有川芎-丹参、红花-川芎、丹参-桂枝、甘草-桂枝等;药物性味以温性、寒性为主,辅以苦味、辛味等;药物归经以肝经、心经等所占比重较高;经聚类分析得到4首新方,主要用于气虚血瘀证、气滞血瘀证和气阴两虚证。结论:通过数据挖掘发现治疗胸痹心痛的中药复方专利药物组成多以活血化瘀为主,并配伍温阳行气、清热化痰等药物,配伍得当,研究发现经挖掘得出的新方配伍符合中医胸痹心痛本虚标实的基本病机,亦顺应了治疗本病之“急则治标,缓则治本”的总体原则,对国家专利数据库中中药复方进行挖掘对于胸痹心痛的防治可有重要的借鉴价值。

Objective:To search and sort out the medication law of Chinese materia medica compound patents for the prevention and treatment of chest numbness and heart pain disease,and to provide ideas for clinical treatment and medication.Methods:After logging into the State Intellectual Property Office(https://epub.sipo.gov.cn/),all compound patents for the treatment of chest numbness and heart pain from the date of establishment to May 1,2022 were retieved to conduct systematic medication analysis:drug frequency statistical analysis,association rules,and cluster analysis on 157 selected compound patents for chest numbness and heart pain with the aid of the TCM heritage assistance platform.Results:Among the 157 studies included,a total of 303 Chinese materia medica appeared,and the most frequently used drugs were Dangshen(Salviorrhiza miltiorrhiza)(85 times),Chuangxiong(Ligusticum Chuanxiong)(77 times),Guizhi(Cassia twig)(69 times),Gancao(Licorice)(65 times),Danggui(Angelica angelica)(61 times),Honghua(Safflower)(56 times),Huangqi(Astragalus membranaceus)(51 times),etc.The commonly used drug pairs were Chuanxiong-Danshen,Honghua-Chuanxiong,Danshen-Guizhi,Gancao-Guizhi,etc.The medicinal properties were mainly warm and cold,supplemented by bitter and pungent flavors,etc.The proportion of drugs attributed to liver meridian and heart meridian was higher.Four new prescriptions were obtained by cluster analysis,which were mainly used for Qi(气)deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and Qi and Yin(阴)deficiency syndrome.Conclusion:Through data mining,it is found that the composition of TCM compound patented drugs for the treatment of chest numbness and heart pain are mainly to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis,and are compatible with drugs such as warming Yang(阳),clearing heat and eliminating phlegm,which are properly compatible.The research finds that the compatibility of the new prescription obtained by mining is in line with the basic pathogenesis of chest numbness and heart pain of traditional Chinese medicine,and also complies with the general principle of treating the symptoms of the disease when it is urgent and curing the root cause when it is not urgent.The mining of TCM compounds in the national patent database has important reference value for the prevention and treatment of chest numbness and heart pain.