混合方法研究:我国警察伦理学研究的新范式

Mixed Method Research:A New Paradigm for the Study of Police Ethics in China

混合方法研究是基于实用主义哲学基础,针对同一问题或者研究的不同层次,收集多种数据,分别或者结合地进行定量和定性分析,呈现主观和客观观点、整合多重维度和视角、获取实用性知识的方法论。混合方法研究从自发实践期到理论形成期再到理论完善期,经历了百年的历史,这一历史既是混合方法研究生成的历史,也是定量和定性研究范式对立统一的历史,更是实用主义哲学假设对“范式之争”困境的终结。混合方法研究因摒弃了“二元对立”的思维方式,实践中凸显了其对复杂社会现象研究能够较为全面解释的优势,因此成为研究方法的主流。在我国警察伦理学研究中运用混合方法研究具有重要的价值,可以夯实警察伦理学马克思主义哲学基础、助力警察理论与实践伦理创新、提高警察伦理学研究的“问题意识”、实现警察道德事实判断与价值判断的统一。

Mixed method research is a methodology with which,based on pragmatism philosophy,by collecting a variety of data for the same problem or different research levels and conducting quantitative and qualitative analysis respectively or in combination,subjective and objective viewpoints are presented,multiple dimensions and perspectives are integrated,and practical knowledge is acquired.From the period of spontaneous practice to the period of theoretical formation and then to the period of theoretical perfection,mixed method research has been lasting for one hundred years,which is not only the history of the generation of mixed method research,but also the history of the unity and the opposites between quantitative and qualitative research paradigms,and more importantly,the end of the dilemma of“controversy over paradigms”by the assumption of pragmatic philosophy.Mixed method research has become the mainstream of research methods because it abandons the thinking mode of“binary opposition”and highlights its advantages of comprehensive explanation of complex social phenomena in practice.It is of great value to apply the mixed method in the study of police ethics in China.This method can consolidate the marxist philosophy foundation of police ethics,help the innovation of police theory and practice ethics,improve the“problem consciousness”of police ethics research,and unit the police moral fact judgment and value judgment.