大国核试验对太平洋地区的环境影响——以美国在马绍尔群岛的核试验为例

The Environmental Impact of Nuclear Tests by Major Powers in the Pacific Region:A Case of the U.S.Nuclear Testing in the Marshall Islands

二战结束以来,美国、英国和法国在太平洋地区开展了大量核试验,对该地区的环境产生了巨大的负面影响。以美国在马绍尔群岛的核试验为例,核试验的直接冲击和辐射污染破坏了当地的生态系统,导致试验地的放射性长期居高不下。同时,核试验也导致相关岛民流落异乡,身心健康严重受损。自20世纪50年代起,马绍尔人多次就核试验贻害向美国索赔,但始终未能得到足够的赔偿。

Since the end of World WarⅡ,the United States,Britain and France had conducted a large number of nuclear tests in the Pacific region,which has had a huge negative impact on the regional environment.Taking the nuclear testing conducted by the United States in the Marshall Islands as an example,the direct radiation impact and pollution of the nuclear testing has damaged the local ecosystem and resulted in long-term high levels of radioactivity at the test site.At the same time,the nuclear testing not only led to the displacement of the relevant islanders,but also seriously damaged their health.Since the1950s,The Marshallese have repeatedly sought compensation from the United States,but have never received sufficient compensations.