试析非洲国家加入不结盟运动的历程与特点

The Process and Characteristics of African Countries'Accession to the Non-Aligned Movement

第二次世界大战以后,非洲国家相继加入了不结盟运动。20世纪60年代,“独立年”后非洲国家积极参与不结盟运动的创建;70年代,葡属非洲殖民地的独立推动非洲国家纷纷加入不结盟运动;80年代至90年代中期,反种族主义斗争胜利后非洲国家完成了加入不结盟运动的历程。非洲国家加入不结盟运动有三个特点:非洲国家加入不结盟运动具有极高的积极性,成为不结盟运动向前发展的不可或缺的中坚力量;非洲国家加入不结盟运动的历程与非洲民族独立运动的发展历程具有一致性,主要通过武装斗争而独立的非洲国家与不结盟运动的关系相当密切;非洲国家加入不结盟运动深受原宗主国的外交策略的影响,原宗主国为葡萄牙的非洲国家加入不结盟运动的积极性最高,原宗主国为英国的次之,原宗主国为法国的最低。

After World WarⅡ,African countries successively joined the Non-Aligned Movement(NAM).In the 1960s,after the"Year of Independence",African countries actively participated in the establishment of the NAM.In the 1970s,the independence of Portuguese African colonies prompted African countries to join the NAM one after another.From the 1980s to the mid-1990s,after the victory of the struggle against racism,African countries completed the process of joining the NAM.There were three characteristics of African countries'accession to the NAM:African countries were extremely active in joining the NAM,and became an indispensable backbone for the development of the NAM;the process of African countries'accession to the NAM was consistent with the African national independence movement,and those who became independent mainly through armed struggle had a very close relationship with the NAM;African countries'accession to the NAM was so deeply influenced by the foreign strategies of their former suzerain countries that those whose former suzerain country was Portugal had the highest enthusiasm to join the NAM,followed by those of the United Kingdom,while those of France the lowest.