整合性交替培养:法国教师教育课程探析

Alternating Integrative Teacher Preparation: TeacherEducation Curriculum Design in France

近年来法国基础教育发生了多次重大改革,其中关于高质量的教师职前培养和极具特色的“整合性交替培养”型教师教育课程是提升国家教育水平的重要举措。经过多年的发展,法国形成了双轨合一式的教师培养机构和多元整合式的教师培养路径,继而产生了以行动为导向、以“理论-实践-再理论-再实践”为特点的整合性交替培养模式。课程设置以培养团队、学科知识、教育知识以及教学知识的四重整合为原则,加之多种实习方式的交替进行,旨在提供专业化且高质量的教师教育课程。同时,法国也通过对课程内容、课程结构、课时分配的有效统整,体现出教师教育课程一体化与层次化等特点。

In recent years,France has undergone significant reforms in its basic education system,with a focus on high-quality pre-service teacher education and the"alternating integrative training"model of teacher education,which are regarded as important measures to enhance the national education quality.After years of development,France has developed a dual-track teacher training institution and a diverse&integrated teacher training pathway,resulting in an alternating integrative training model characterized by action-oriented and"theory-practice-theory-practice"cycles.The curriculum is designed based on the principles of integrating team,subject,education and pedagogical knowledge,along with alternating various internship methods,aiming to provide professional and high-quality teacher education programs.At the same time,France constructed an integrated and hierarchical teacher education currculum system through effective integration of curriculum content,structure and time allocation.