基于人因工程的船舶驾驶室人机界面布局优化设计

Layout Optimization Design of Human Machine Interface in Wheelhouse Based on Ergonomics

为了解决船舶驾驶室人机界面设计采用人工布局所存在的经验性、主观性、随机性的问题,提出一种将虚拟仿真和优化算法相结合的人机界面布局优化设计方法.首先,通过虚拟仿真得到待布局人机界面各区域的操作舒适度以及最优操作点位置;其次,将人机界面布局准则和人因工程学准则量化为目标函数和约束条件,建立人机界面布局优化数学模型,通过差分进化算法获取大量粒子群算法的粒子初始位置;最后,通过寻优获取人机界面的最优布局并进行虚拟仿真评价.将某控制面板作为算例进行布局优化和虚拟仿真,获取的最优布局结果满足人因工程学准则,人机界面各项性能均有提升.本研究可为船舶驾驶室的高性能人机界面布局设计提供参考.

To solve the problems of empiricism,subjectivity and randomness in the manual layout of human machine interface in wheelhouse,an optimization layout design method of human machine interface that combines virtual simulation and optimization algorithm is proposed.First,the optimal operating point and the operating comfort of each area of the human machine interface are obtained through virtual simulation.Then,the layout criteria and ergonomics criteria of human machine interface are quantified as objective functions and constraints,a layout optimization mathematical model of human machine interface is established,and a large number of initial positions of the particles in the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm are obtained through the differential evolution algorithm.Finally,the optimal layout scheme is obtained,and virtual simulation evaluation is conducted.Taking a control panel as an example for layout optimization and virtual simulation,the optimal layout scheme obtained is proved to satisfy ergonomic criteria,and the performance of the human machine interface has been improved.This paper can provide references for the layout design of the high performance human machine interface in wheelhouse.