父母受教育程度对子女人力资本发展的影响

The Effects of Parental Education Level on the Development of Children′s Human Capital

利用2013—2014学年中国教育追踪调查数据(CEPS),考察父母受教育程度对青少年子女人力资本发展的影响。研究发现,父母受教育程度能够显著提升子女的认知和非认知能力;分非认知能力维度来看,父母受教育程度能够显著提升子女的开放性、外向性和宜人性得分,但对尽责性和情绪稳定性得分没有提升作用。异质性分析发现,父母受教育程度对子女人力资本发展的影响存在明显的性别、户口、年级和地区差异。机制检验的结果表明,受教育程度越高的父母对子女的物质和时间投资越多,且越倾向于采用权威型和宽容型教养方式,越不倾向于采用专制型和忽视型教养方式,即父母受教育程度通过其对子女的教育投资和教养方式两条途径影响子女人力资本发展。

Using the 2013-2014 China Education Panel Survey(CEPS)data,this paper examines the impact of parental education on children′s human capital development.The results show that parental education can significantly improve children′s cognitive and noncognitive abilities.From the perspective of different dimensions,parental education can significantly improve children′s scores of openness,extroversion,and agreeableness,but has no positive effect on conscientiousness and emotional stability.Furthermore,we find that there are significant gender,hukou,grade,and regional differences in the effects of parental education on children′s human capital development.Finally,the mechanism analysis shows that more educated parents invest more in their children's material and time and are more inclined to adopt authoritative and permissive parenting styles and less inclined to adopt authoritarian and neglecting parenting styles,indicating that parental education may affect children's cognitive and noncognitive abilities through educational investment in their children and parenting style.